ALUMINA. 
333 
Putnam County. Small, white, somewhat rounded and opaque crystals of scapolite, asso¬ 
ciated with sphene, apatite, quartz, etc., are found in the white limestone at Hustis’ farm 
and elsewhere in Phillipstown. The forms are the primary and the eight-sided prism, but 
they are seldom perfect. 
St. Lawrence County. Scapolite, both crystallized and massive, occurs in the white 
limestone in the vicinity of the village of Gouverneur. It is associated 
with apatite, sphene and pyroxene. The crystals are white, translucent 
to semi-transparent, and possess a high degree of perfection and finish. 
The forms observed are the primary (Fig. 279); the dioctaedre of Hafiy, 
usually with the prism very short, as in Fig. 299 ; and a modification of 
Fig. 293, the prism having only ten, instead of twelve, lateral planes. 
STAUROLITE. 
[From the Greek tfraupog, a cross, and Xidog, a stone; on account of the cruciform appearance of its 
compound crystals.] 
Staurotide. Hauy, Cleaveland, Thomson, Beudant and Shepard. — Staurolite. Phillips. — Prismatoidal Garnet, 
or Grenatite. Jameson. — Prismatoidischer Granat. Mohs. — (Called also Pierre de Croix.) 
Description. Colour dark reddish brown, sometimes almost black. 
Streak white. It always occurs crystallized. Primary form a right 
rhombic prism, Fig. 300. M on M / 129° 30h The acute lateral edges 
are often replaced by planes, forming a six-sided crystal. Cleavage 
parallel to o (Fig. 301) perfect; traces in the direction of M. Fracture 
conchoidal, uneven. Lustre vitreous, inclining to resinous. Ranges 
from translucent to opaque. Hardness 7.0 to 7.5. Specific gravity 
from 3.20 to 3.90. Before the blowpipe it is infusible, or difficultly 
fusible in a black scoria; with borax, it melts slowly into a transparent 
deep green coloured glass. 
The form and infusibility distinguish this mineral from garnet, with which it is usually 
associated. 
Composition. Silica 48.00, alumina 40.00, lime 1.00, oxide of iron 9.50, oxide of man¬ 
ganese 0.50 ( Decotils ). 
Geological Situation. In this State, staurolite is always found in gneiss or mica slate. 
LOCALITIES. 
Dutchess County. Staurolite is found associated with garnet, in mica slate, at the Foss 
iron ore bed in the town of Dover. The crystals are usually small, and are of the primary 
form (Fig. 300); the primary with the acute lateral edges replaced by tangent planes, peri- 
Fig. 300. 
Fig. 299. 
