626 Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters. 
It will be observed that both the quadrate and caudate lobes 
although intimately connected with the lobes of the right half 
of the liver send their ducts to the ductus hepaticus sinister in 
the majority of cases. Reighard and Jennings have erred in 
stating that the ductus hepaticus dexter is “formed by smaller 
ducts from the right half of the cystic lobe, from both divisions 
of the right lateral lobe and from the caudate lobe.” 1 
The typical condition of the ducts of the cat’s liver must be 
that in which each duct is disposed according to the greatest 
frequency for that particular duct. Only three livers w T ere 
found which met this condition ( Fig. 1). Four others deviated 
only in not having the ductus hepaticus dexter et sinister oppo¬ 
site. 
The vesica fellea was found to be bilobed in five instances and 
in one trilobed. One case was found in which two vesicae felleae, 
each provided with a ductus cysticus, were present (PI. XLIX, 
Fig. 4). One case presented a remarkable variation in that the 
vesica fellea was bilobed while the ductus cysticus presented a 
dilatation which formed an accessory vesica fellea. (PI. XLIX, 
Fig. 2.) One ductus heputo-cystiem was found (PI. XLIX, 
Fig. 1). In no case was a ductus hepaio-entericus found al¬ 
though each case was carefully examined for its presence. 
The livers of several dogs and guinea pigs were also examined, 
but in the light of the variability here shown it is evident that 
a description of a few cases would possess little value. The con¬ 
ditions found can only warrant the statement that the individual 
variation often exceeded the specific differences between these 
three species, for some of the cats resembled the condition found 
in both the dog and guinea pig, while other cats w^ere still more 
aberrant from the cat type. 
It is evident that the diagram given by Reighard and Jen¬ 
nings for the ducts of the cat’s liver and by Ellenberger and 
Baum 2 for the dog’s liver cannot be accepted as typical of the 
respective species. 
It is also evident that the ducts of the cat’s liver are variable 
to an unusual degree, the individual variation exceeding, family 
and ordinal differences and that the relation of the ducts does 
not conform to the relation of the lobes. 
i Reighard and Jennings. The Anatomy of the Cat. New York, 1901. 
2 Ellenberger und Baum. Anatomie des Hundes. Berlin, 1891. 
