Stewart—Botanical Conditions on the Galapagos Islands, 297 
account there are no halophytes to speak of except a small bunch 
of rather stunted mangroves a short distance south of the land¬ 
ing place. 
The region north and east of this place is covered with a fair 
amount of ashy soil through which the lava seldom appears. 
South of here, however, there are exposures of lava, covered for 
the most part with Croton bushes. Just back of the landing 
place there is a flat area covered with bushes and small trees of 
Maytenus obovata and Prosopis dulcis. Another small area 
occurs a few hndred yards north of the landing place near the 
coast, which is covered with tumbled masses of lava among which 
Cereus galapagensis, Lecocarpus pinnatifidus, Mentzelia aspera,. 
and Scalesia decurrens grow. 
The larger vegetation to an elevation of 450 ft. consists of trees 
of Bursera graveolens, and Opuntia galapageia. In the vicin¬ 
ity of the shore there are also trees of Cereus galapagensis. The 
vegetation is all rather open but there are a considerable number 
of bushes of Cordia lutea, Croton Scouleri var. Macraei, Lantana 
peduncularis, Maytenus obovata, Gossypium barbadense, and 
Vallesia pubescens. Acacia macracantha and Prosopis dulcis 
also occur in this region to some extent but they assume the size 
of trees around 450 ft. There are remains of an old settlement 
at this elevation which is marked by a grove of Geoffroea striata 
and other trees, as well as by a few other domesticated plants of 
smaller size. There was evidently a spring of water here at 
some former time but it was dry at the times this place was vis¬ 
ited. 
A decided change takes place in the vegetation above an eleva¬ 
tion of 450 ft. For possibly the first 200 ft. there are large 
bunches of bushes of Clerodendron molle, in between which are 
grasses and smaller plants. This is succeeded above by more 
open country on which there are occasional Bursera trees and 
bushes, the most common of which are, Capraria biflora, and Lip- 
ochaeta laricifolia. Perennial grasses grow between the bushes,, 
to which a considerable number of annual forms are added dur¬ 
ing the rainy season. 
The plateau region, around an elevation of 1,000 ft., is covered 
with stretches of rather open woodland, and meadow. The 
woodland usually occurs where the lava is exposed or reaches 
nearly to the surface of the ground. In these areas trees of Scal¬ 
esia pedunculata are common but they do not grow to as large a 
