298 Wisconsin Academy of Sciences , Arts, and Letters. 
size as they do on some of the other islands where this species oc¬ 
curs. Other trees in the woodland besides those that have evi¬ 
dently been introduced are: Pisonia floribunda, and Zanthoxy- 
lum Fagara, the last one of which is often heavily covered with 
Phoradendron Henslovii, as often happens when this tree grows 
where there is a considerable amount of moisture. Common 
bushes in the woodland are: Capraria biflora, Croton Scouleri 
varieties brevifolius and grandifolius, Erigeron tenuifolius, Psy- 
chotria rufipes, Tournefortia psilostachya, and T. rufo-sericea. 
The soil is ashy in the meadows, with small fragments of lava 
scattered through it. Grasses and herbaceous plants occur here, 
the common species being: Aristida subspicata, Eleusine indica, 
Eragrostis ciliaris, Acalypha parvula, Lippia canescens, Malvas- 
trum americanum, Plumbago scandens, and Stachytarpheta 
dichotoma. Many evidences of former habitation appear in the 
flora throughout the plateau region as such introduced species as 
Ambrosia artemisiaefolia, Bixa Orellana, Datura Tatula, Inga 
edulis, Spondians purpurea, orange, lemon, and lime trees grow 
there in greater or less abundance. The lime trees are the most 
common of these, and there are areas of considerable size which 
are covered with them. They seem to spread mostly in the open 
meadows as there are but few of them in the woodland. Prob¬ 
ably in time they will cover all of the open country in the plateau 
region. The limes and lemons are of good quality and many 
• tons of them rot on the ground each year. 
The main crater rises to a height of 1,780 ft., and is covered 
on the outside with a heavy growth of bushes of Lipochaeta lari- 
cifolia, to within about 400 ft. of the top. This condition is 
found on all sides but the south and southeast. The bushes 
gradually disappear towards the south side of the crater and 
their place is taken by a heavy growth of Stachytarpheta dicho¬ 
toma. Above an elevation of 1,450 ft. the outside of the crater is 
covered with low bushes of Capraria biflora, occasional bushes 
of Tournefortia rufo-sericea, grasses and other herbaceous plants 
the last of which are dried up during the greater part of the 
year, giving this part of the mountain a very barren appearance 
the most of the time. One will be greatly surprised if he should 
climb the west side of this crater during the dry season. On this 
side Opuntia galapageia grows to an elevation of 1,300 ft. The 
other plants which occur here and above are of a xerophytie 
type and continue so to the top of the mountain. Upon going 
