324 Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters. 
cies occur at various other places along the north shore, and Avi- 
cennia was found in one instance to be growing in a sunken 
place, a short distance inland, which was apparently filled with 
sea water at high tide. 
The interior is barren in many places where there are expos¬ 
ures of lava. With the exception of a few low stunted trees of 
Bursera graveolens, a low Opuntia, and scattered bushes these 
beds bear no other vegetation. The species of Opuntia is possibly 
a new one as it differs quite markedly from the other species in 
this genus which occur on these islands. It also occurs on South 
Seymour Island, a few miles away, but at neither place were the 
specimens in good shape at the times these were visited. Occa¬ 
sional bushes of Acacia macraeantha, and thickets of Croton 
bushes occur in small patches between the lava beds, where there 
is a sufficient amount of soil to support them. Grassy areas oc- 
43ur, between the patches of bushes, which are usually covered 
with Aristida subspicata. These areas continue at intervals, to 
an elevation of 1,000 ft. as high as this side of the mountain was 
explored. Very little change takes place in the character of the 
vegetation at this elevation, except that some of the species grow 
to a larger size than they do lower down. This is especially true 
of Bursera graveolens, and Piscidia Erythrina, both of which are 
quite small near the shore but form trees in the interior. 
The dry region extends to possibly an elevation of 1,500 ft. on 
this side of the mountain, as the appearance of the vegetation 
did not appear to change for several hundred feet above where 
exploration was discontinued. The moist region seems to form 
.a narrow zone just below the top on this side of the mountain. 
Northwest Side. 
This side of the island was visited at a place about two miles 
south of Conway Bay, which is marked by a small tufa crater 
near the shore. Our reason for stopping here instead of at Con¬ 
way Bay, the usual place for landing on this part of the island, 
was because we had learned at Chatham Island that an old trail 
led into the interior from this point. 
The coast is low in this vicinity, and is made up of sand 
beaches and low cliffs. A flat area surrounds the tufa crater, 
mentioned above, covered with a soil composed largely of volcan¬ 
ic ashes, which have evidently originated from the crater. This 
