396 Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters. 
lateritium while the form on the Pacific coast is Hypholoma 
fasciculare. Hypholoma perplexum is the most usual variety 
here while Hypholoma epixanthum is found in Europe. 
The luxuriant annulate form of Hypholoma appendiculatum 
occurs also on the Pacific coast and its corresponding 
European form is apparently Stropharia spintrigera growing 
on rotton logs, etc. The value of the study of a local 
flora is seen in this connection. Work like that of Dr. 
Peck in New York State and Britzelmayr following Schaeffer 
in Bavaria is the necessary basis for comparative study. 
The suggestions given by Peck and Britzelmayr as to the 
relationships of the new forms they describe are the most 
valuable part of their work. The comparative point of view 
should be kept constantly in mind in studying a local flora. 
THE PHOLIOTA PRAECOX-DURA GROUP 
1. Pholiota dura (Bolt.) Typical form. Pis. XI-XIII 
AB. 
Typical forms of Pholiota dura were abundant in a garden 
at Geneseo, Ills., in June, 1915. The photographs in pis. 
XI-XIII AB were taken from these specimens. The char¬ 
acteristic features of the form are: the habitat in fields and 
gardens, the regularly convex pileus with incurved margin 
and areolately cracked surface, the thick white flesh, the 
short thick stem enlarged upward and furnished with abund¬ 
ant myceloid rootlets at the base, the thick horizontal veil 
which tears irregularly and leaves a lacerate annulus close to 
the apex of the stem, the large rusty brown spores 6—8 x 11— 
14 m . 
These characters are emphasized in the European descrip¬ 
tions of the species so that this appears to be the typical 
form though the spores are given in the Sylloge as 5—6 X 8 
—9ju. Britzelmayr gives 4—7x8—10 y. Photographs of 
plants collected near Chicago by Dr. Moffatt agree with 
these in all respects. 
2. Form with the veil appendiculate. PI. XIII CD. 
The photograph shows a form of Pholiota dura with the 
veil wholly appendiculate as in the genus Hypholoma. The 
plants grew in a hop field at Sumner, Wash. The habitat, 
general appearance, solid flesh, cracked pileus, colors and 
large spores, 5—7x11—13 y, shaped exactly like those of 
