Harper—Additional Species of Pholiota. 401 
Such ridges stained with spores can be observed in many 
species of Agarics. The most noted case is that of Stropharia 
coronilla. These ridges lie between the gills, pi. XI A, and 
must be distinguished from the decurrent teeth of the gills 
which connect with the grooves. The ridges can be seen in 
cross section in pi. XIII AB. The section is horizontal and 
made at the point where the ends of the primary gills connect 
with the stem, pi. XII Ca. The dead tissue of the veil shows 
white in contrast with the dark hymenial and subhymenial 
layers of the stem, pileus and gills beneath the gill chambers. 
The primary gills connect with the subhymenial layer of the 
stem between the ridges. Owing to their horizontal position 
the gill chambers widen outward very rapidly and secondary 
gills appear as folds in the bottom of the gill chambers very 
close to the stem. Some of them so close to the stem that 
they touch the ridges, pi. XIII A. The ridges extend but a 
very short distance into the gill chambers in Pholiota dura 
since there is little elongation of the stem to lengthen the de¬ 
current teeth of the gills and a section above the extreme 
basal point of the primary gills does not show them. The hy- 
menium covers the base and sides of the gill chambers. The 
chambers become forked by the appearance of the secondary 
gills. The forking ridges which cover them are well shown on 
the annulus of Pholiota fulvo-squamosa, vol. XVII, pi. LX. 
e. The pileus in this group is covered by a well developed 
cortex which forms under the universal veil and is left naked 
when the veil disappears. It is smooth, leathery and more or 
less deeply colored. It often cracks areolately as the pileus 
expands, pi. XI B. 
The thick solid flesh, the well developed partial veil, the 
firm cortex, the horizontal gill chambers and the subannular 
stem are the chief characteristics of the plants of this group. 
They all have the rusty ochraceous spores of the genus 
Pholiota. The spores are the same shape and character in all 
the forms in the group varying a little in size from 4—6 X 
7—9/* to 6—8x11—14/*. 
THE PHOLIOTA AEGERITA GROUP 
There are in this region two closely related plants belong¬ 
ing to this group. Their structure is very nearly like that in 
the Pholiota praecox-dura group the characters of which are: 
