688 Wisconsin Academy of Sciences , Arts , and Letters . 
worldly authority is comprehended in the commandment of 
love, and ail the commandments in the words: Thou shalt 
love thy neighbor as thyself. Love worketh no ill to his 
neighbor; therefore love is the fulfilling of the law, and he 
who acts contrary to it, shall be punished by worldly au¬ 
thority, for the worldly authority does not bear a sword in 
vain. Hebr. XIII. Paul has taken the commandment of 
obedience to worldly authority from the first book of Samuel 
or from Kings, the VIII chapter, where God made known 
to the people through the prophets, what power and rights 
the kings were to have over life and limb and temporal pos¬ 
sessions and over their children, because the children of 
Israel desired a king, who was to lead them in battle and be 
a protector and defender such as other nations had, and they 
willingly took the yoke upon themselves. And this law to¬ 
gether with other external subjection Christ (because he 
would not act against his Father’s will) has not taken from 
us, but confirmed. Matt. XXII. Render unto Caesar the 
things which are Caesar’s. And Christ observed it when He 
commanded Peter to give tribute for him and for himself, 
although Christ born of kingly parentage was not bound to 
give it, though Peter, of course, was, but Christ did not 
want to give offense. And that is what Paul, taught by 
Christ, would have, when he says that Christ has not freed 
us in temporal things, but has subjected us to powers in all 
things that are contained in the first book of Kings VIII. 
Therefore he who teaches otherwise gives evidence that he 
understands neither the Old nor the New Testament. Let 
him who has a Bible look into the VIII chapter of the first 
book of Samuel. 
There is still the tribute from feudal lands which one has 
for his use and his sustenance. I do not believe that any 
one would be so petty-minded as to refuse to give it. Should 
he be so disposed let him give his land back to his liege-lord 
who will readily be able to find one who will give it willingly. 
This is not a question of usury. I have taken up briefly 
those points which have the cause of complaints on the part 
of the poor. 
Concerning tithe-giving, some say, it is not commanded 
in the New Testament; therefore nobody is bound to give it, 
for Christ has absolved us from it with His blood. Others 
