Systematic review of Nyctimene cephalotes and N. albiventer 
135 
Ear Length 
Figure 12 Plot of forearm length versus ear length for 
all island populations of Nyctimene studied. 
Males and females combined. Symbols as for 
Figure 2. 
anteriormost face, not in contact with C 1 ; C 1 
prominent cusp with gentle lingual ridge 
connecting to lingual and posterior cingulum, 
lingual cingulum occasionally with posterolingual 
cusplet; C‘ with moderate secondary labial cusp on 
posterolabial ridge, this cusp not apparent in 
specimens with worn teeth; P 2 subcircular, buccal 
area half to three-quarters that of incisors, widely 
spaced between C 1 and P 3 ; P 3 occlusal view 
suboval, with prominent labial cusp and much 
lower separate lingual cusp; posterior basal shelf 
well defined and forms slight basin, occlusal area 
slightly larger than P 4 ; P 4 occlusal view 
subrectangular with posterolingual salient from 
basal shelf; labial cusp lower than that of P 3 , lingual 
cusp less clearly defined than that of P 3 , with 
longer posterior ridge that reaches almost to 
posterolingual edge of posterior basal shelf, lingual 
cusp closer in height to labial cusp than in P 3 ; M 1 
subrectangular, labial cusp low and only slightly 
taller than lingual cusp, posterior basal shelf 
definition similar to that of P 4 ; C ( not in contact 
with each other or with P 2 ; P, suboval, slightly 
taller than C, cingulum; P, with tall labial cusp 
with gently sloping anterior and posterior flanges 
approximately in line of toothrow, shorter labial 
cusp distinct; P 4 considerably shorter than P,, labial 
cusp taller than lingual cusp but less so than in P„ 
these cusps connected by commissure that arcs 
around anterior face of tooth; M, longer and 
narrower than P 4 but with both labial and lingual 
cusps much reduced on those of P 4 ; M, small, about 
half occlusal area of M,. M. posterior shelf slightly 
larger than that of P 3 and P 4 . 
Externals (measurements of ethanol preserved 
specimens followed by, in square brackets, 
'cabinet' skin specimens). 
Large body and ears. For example, forearm long 
68.6 (68.1-69.5) 5 and [70.9 (69.0-73.0) 4[; ear long 
16.2 (15.8-16.5) 5 and [16.6 (15.1-18.3) 4] and tail 
length 25.1 (23.7-26.2) 5 and [23.3 (19.9-27.2) 4], 
Wing membrane from phalanx 1 of digit 2 in all 
nine specimens examined. 
Males and females with similar coloured pelage. 
Slight colour patterning on dorsum and venter: 
neck to lower scapular region a broad band of 
paler Smoke Gray to Buff Yellow, occasionally 
tinged with Clay Color on shoulders and behind 
ears; remainder of back a darker Drab with hairs in 
mid dorsal region c. 9 long, merges into Fawn 
Color to Clay Color on flanks; median central 
dorsal stripe from head to tail, 2-6.5 wide and 
Olive Brown. Basal one-third to half of dorsum 
hairs pale-dark Olive Brown. Forehead and face 
Drab to Cinnamon; chest and abdomen Straw 
Yellow to Buff Yellow with abdomen occasionally 
Smoke Gray merging to darker Grayish Olive at 
flanks. Uropatagia Fuscous. Spectrum Yellow spots 
on patagia, ears, and skin covering all digits, 
particularly noticeable on forearm where spots 
often merge to form a broad line of colour. 
Distribution 
Central and South Sulawesi, probably also North 
Sulawesi. 
Etymology 
Named after our colleague. Dr Ken Aplin, 
Western Australian Museum, who participated in 
the expedition to Timor Island, Nusa Tenggara 
Timur, and who frequently has assisted us 
interpret the Indo-Malay mammal fauna. 
Nyctimene cephalotes cephalotes (Pallas, 1767) 
Vespertilio cephalotes Pallas, 1767: 10, pis 1,2 
"Moluccas". 
Vespertilio cephalotes melinus Kerr, 1792: 98. Type 
locality restricted to Amboina by Andersen 
(1912). 
Cephalotes pallasi Geoffroy, 1810: 107 (renaming of 
cephalotes Pallas). 
