Koolan Island Zoological notes 
261 
as it foraged through the savanna woodland at 
SI (Figure 1, Table 4) on the night of 10 
February 1993. 
Canidae 
Canis familiaris Linnaeus. On 14 February 1993, we 
discovered and photographed fresh dog tracks 
on the western end of the island. The mine 
manager, Patrick Warrand, confirmed that a 
single feral dog appeared on Koolan about 1990. 
Bovidae 
Capra hircus Linnaeus. W.H. Butler (unpublished 
field notes) reported the presence of feral goats 
in June 1965. The goat population was 
estimated at 120 in the mid-1980's (by L.F.), after 
which there were attempts to eradicate them. 
We found a goat skeleton behind the single 
men's quarters on the northern edge of the town 
in February 1993. 
Caviidae 
Cavia porcellus (Linnaeus). Guinea pigs were 
brought onto the island as cage pets, but there 
is no evidence of a feral population. 
Table 4 Echolocation parameters for bats from Koolan Island recorded using D140 ultrasound detector (Pettersson 
Elektronik, Sweden), stored on TDK-MAXG60 Metal Type IV cassette tape using a Sony Walkman WMD6C, 
and measured by zero crossing analysis. 
Code 1 Situation 2 
Number 
Average frequency (KHz) 3 
Duration 4 
of calls 
CF or FM (min.- max.) 
(ms) 
Hipposideros ater gilberti (FM-CF-FM) 
E confined 
3 
160(158-162) 
3.2, 5.9, 5.8 
Rhinonicteris aurantius (FM-CF-FM) 
E hand-held 
44 
112.5(112-113) 
7.8(5.3-10.5) 
E free flying 
24 
110.5(110-111) 
5.7(4.5-5.9) 
Hipposideros slenolis (FM-CF-FM) 
hs2 hand-held 
23 
102.5(102-103) 
18.1(15.4-20.9) 
hsl free flying 
32 
102.5(102-103) 
13.5(10.2-21.1) 
Macroderma gigas (st-st-FM, similar shape to the Nyctophilus) 
E free flying 
8 
45.5(43.5-46.5)-56(54-59.5) 
1.8(13-2.3) 
E perch 
8 
28.5(27.5-31)-36.5(35-38) 
1.7(13-2.3) 
Nyctophilus arnhemensis (st-st-FM) 
na3 free flying 
18 
42(33-49)-63.6(56-71) 
2.1(1.4-3.4) 
Vespadalus caurinus (st-FM) 
vcl free flying 
4 
59.8(59-61 )-66.3(64-66) 
3.1(23-3.5) 
vc2 free flying 
9 
60.6(58-62)-79.8(62-95) 
23(2.0-4.5) 
vc3 free flying 
4 
62.5(62-64)-70.7(68-74) 
1.9(1.4-23) 
Chalinolobus nigrogriseus (st-FM) 
92/1 confined 
49 
39.5" (38-41)-67.5(60-75) 
1.61(0.8-2.2) 
B free flying 
28 
37.0(35.5-38.5)-58.7(38.5-75.5) 
6.0(4.0-10.8) 
Chalinolobus gouldii (st-FM) 
K free flying 
29 
32.3(30.5-34)^7.4(34-71) 
6.2(3.8-93) 
B free flying 
30 
31.3(30-33.5)^49.1 (36-63) 
73(3.4-9.8) 
Taphozous georgianus (sh-FM) 
K free flying 
18 
24.8(24-26)-26.7(26-27) 
6.7(4.0-83) 
Saccolaimus flaviventris (sh-FM) 
M free flying 
6 
16.6(16—17)—18.5(18—19.5) 
13.0(9.8-15.0) 
M feeding 
5 
17.4(16-19)-23.6(21-26) 
63(3.0-8.3) 
1 Specimen code in annotated species list herein, or a recording of an unknown bat from Koolan (K), or recording of a 
tagged bat at Barred Creek near Broome (B), on Mitchell Plateau (M) or near Kununurra (E). 
2 Calls recorded either (a) after released at night with a bioluminescent tag or outside of a known roost (= free flying), 
(b) from bat held in the hand at night (= hand-held), (c) free flying in a confined space such as a cave or room (= 
confined), or (d) after perching in tree to forage (= perch). 
3 CF = of constant frequency section of calls; FM = lowest and highest values of call frequency-time sweep. Call shapes 
include steep-sweep FM (st-FM), shallow-sweep FM (sh-FM) etc. 
1 Average (max and min) call duration. 
' In sets of one to three calls. Sets are 15 to 80 milliseconds apart, with individual calls inside a set 0.25 to 5 milliseconds 
apart. 
