176 
R.E. Johnstone, P. Jepson, S.H.M. Butchart, J.C. Lowen, D. Prawiradilag; 
rainforest, riverine forest, vine thickets and cultivated 
areas. Rare in upper montane forest (up to 1430 m). 
Attracted to fruiting trees especially Ficus and 
Terminalia. Breeding; a nest with hatchlings at Dahu on 
31 October. 
Moyo I. - Moderately common in ones, twos and 
small groups (up to 8). Recorded at Amanwana, Labuan 
Aji, Sebotok, Brang Kua and Tanjung Pasir. Rainforest, 
coconut groves and low open woodland. Breeding; pair 
building a nest in huge leafless tree at Brang Kua on 10 
November. 
Sangeang I. - One in open woodland and three in a 
Ficus in October. 
Artamidae 
Artamus leucorhynchus albiventer White-breasted 
Woodswallow 
Sumbawa I. - Moderately common in small groups 
(up to 20). Recorded at Sumbawa Besar, Belo, Lake 
Taliwang, Batu Dulang, Teluk Santong, Waworada, 
Dompu and Dahu. Mangal, edges of wetlands, open 
woodland and cultivated areas especially coconut 
groves. 
Moyo I. - Moderately common at Sebotok and Brang 
Kua in small groups (up to 8). Mangal and cultivated 
areas. 
Corvidae 
Corvus macrorhynchos macrorhynchos Large-billed Crow. 
Sumbawa I. - Uncommon or scarce. Ones and twos. 
Recorded at Teluk Santong, Empang, Sumbawa Besar 
and Babar. Mainly open woodland, coconut plantations, 
scrub and riverine forest. 
Moyo I. - Scarce. Only recorded in coconut 
plantations at Sebotok. 
DISCUSSION 
A total of 162 (103 non-passerine and 59 
passerine) were recorded on Sumbawa Island, 70 
species (52 non-passerine and 18 passerine) on 
Moyo Island and 33 species (20 non-passerine and 
13 passerine) on Sangeang Island. Of these 37 
species are new records for the Sumbawa region 
namely: Lesser Frigatebird Fregata arid, Little Pied 
Cormorant Phalacrocorax melanoleucos, Brown 
Booby Sula leucogaster, Little Egret Egretta garzetta, 
Striated Heron Butorides striatus, Yellow Bittern 
Ixobryclms sinensis, Lesser Adjutant Leptoptilos 
javanicus, Oriental Honey-buzzard Pernis 
ptilorhyncus, Black-winged Kite Elanus caerulens. 
Black Kite Milvns migrans, Japanese Sparrowhawk 
Accipiter gularis, Rufous-bellied Eagle Hieraaetus 
kienerii, Australian Kestrel Falco cenchroides, Grey 
Teal Anas gibberifrons, Red-legged Rail Rallina 
fasciata, Purple Swamphen Porphyrio porphyrio, 
Grey Plover Pluvialis squatarola, Great Sand Plover 
Charadrius leschenaultii, Far-Eastern Curlew 
Numenius madagascariensis. Bar-tailed Godwit 
Limosa lapponica, Common Redshank Tringa 
totanus, Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinereus, Grey-tailed 
Tattler Heteroscelus brevipes, Beach Thick-knee 
Esacns magnirostirs, Little Tern Sterna albifrons, 
Great Crested Tern Sterna bergii, Lesser Crested 
Tem Sterna bengalensis, White Tern Cygis alba, 
Dark-backed Imperial Pigeon Ducula lacermulala, 
White-throated Needletail hirundapus caudacutus, 
Asian Palm-swift Cypsitirns balasiensis, Sumba 
Cicadabird Coracina dohertyi, Sunda Thrush 
Zoothera andromedae, Yellow-breasted Warbler 
Seicercus mantis, Russet-backed Rhinomyias 
Rhinomyias oscillans. Thick-billed Flowerpecker 
Dicaenm agile and Tree Sparrow Passer montanus. 
A further 7 species are listed for Sumbawa by 
White and Bruce (1986) namely: Greater Painted 
Snipe Rostratula benghalensis, Common Greenshank 
Tringa nebularia, Lesser Shortwing Brachypteryx 
leucophrys, Little Pied Flycatcher Ficedula 
weslemmanii, Island Monarch Monarclm dnerascens, 
Grey Wagtail Motacilla rinerea and Five-coloured 
Munia Lonclwra quinticolor. 
Of these the Greater Painted Snipe is scarce and 
local in the Lesser Sundas; Common Greenshank 
and Grey Wagtail are both winter visitors from the 
Palearctic; Lesser Shortwing and Little Pied 
Flycatcher are largely confined to montane forest 
over 1000 m, appear to be very local in distribution 
and possibly confined to vicinity of Gungung 
Tambora; and the Island Monarch and Five- 
coloured Munia also appear to be fairly localised in 
their distribution. 
Combining all records gives a total of 179 species 
for Sumbawa and its satellite islands. For its size 
and position Sumbawa has a relatively 
impoverished fauna when compared with Lombok 
4,700 km 2 with about 150 species and Flores 17,000 
km 2 with about 215 species. Few additional 
passerine species could be expected for Sumbawa, 
however more work along the coast would no 
doubt add many visiting waders to the list. 
Additional wetland birds could also be expected 
during visits after good seasons. 
The avifauna of Sumbawa, Moyo and Sangeang 
Islands is typical of the western Lesser Sunda 
Islands having much in common with Lombok 
Island to the west and Flores to the east. The 
depauperate fauna of Sumbawa when compared to 
the similar sized Flores Island is no doubt partly 
due to the comparatively arid conditions that 
prevail over most of the island, especially the 
eastern half, and the lack of variety of habitats in 
general. Sumbawa does however support a 
number of species with high conservation 
importance including many listed as threatened or 
near threatened in Collar el al. (1994) namely: 
Flores Green Pigeon, Nicobar Pigeon, Yellow- 
crested Cockatoo, Wallace's Scops Owl, Sumba 
Cicadabird, Russet-backed Rhinomyias and 
