190 
D.J. Kitchener, Y. Konishi, A. Suyanto 
Pelage colour of the ventral surface Drab. The 
dorsum Drab tipped with Burnt Umber. Patagia 
Dusky Brown. 
Penis 07. 7 mm long. Gians penis with distal head 
flattened craniocaudally and broadly rounded with 
a median terminal slit (Figure 9d). Baculum ca. 2.8 
mm long, slightly broadened at base; shaft long, 
narrow, slightly flexed in lateral view with short 
bifurcated distal tip (Figure 10c). 
Distribution 
Several localities in West Timor (Baumata, 
Bauraen and Panite), Nusa Tenggara Timur, 
Indonesia. 
Etymology 
Named after John Edwards Hill, formerly of the 
British Museum of Natural History. Although 
retired he continues to provide generous assistance 
to the new generations of chiropteran taxonomists. 
Hipposideros bicolor selatan subsp. nov. 
Kitchener 
Holotype 
Western Australian Museum (WAM) No. M 
35421; adult female; 'scientific' skin; carcass fixed 
in 10% formalin and preserved in 70% ethanol; 
skull separate; collected on 9 October 1990 by D.J. 
Kitchener. 
Type locality 
Desa Sanggoen, 6 km SW Baa, Roti island, Nusa 
Tenggara Timur, Indonesia (10°43'S, 123°09'E); 
collected by hand in a small limestone cave; at sea 
level. 
Paratypes 
From Roti island: Kota Baa (10°44'S, 123°06'E), 
Id, WAM M35375; Desa Oeseli (10°51'S, 123°05'E), 
22$, WAM M35506-7. From Savu island: Desa 
Menia (10°29'S, 121°55’E), 12, 3dd, WAM 
M(35115, 35119, 35130, 35211). 
Diagnosis 
Hipposideros b. selatan differs from H. b. bicolor 
[including also measurements from Hill (1983) and 
Tate (1941)] in averaging smaller in most cranial 
measurements, except tympanic bulla length, 
interlachrymal distance and cochlea length, all 
dental measurements and most external 
measurements except noseleaf breadth and ear 
length (see Table 2a). For example, greatest skull 
length 17.4-17.9 (7) v. 18.2-19.0 (3); digit 3 
metacarpal length 30.4-33.0 (8) v. 34.3-34.4 (2); and 
forearm length 41.6-43.7 (8) v. 44.6-46.8 (6). 
Posterior noseleaf breadth larger 5.4-6.5 (8) v. 4.7- 
4.9 (2). 
Hipposideros b. selatan is similar in overall size to 
H. b. atrox (see Table 2a, b). It differs in having a 
smaller: zygomatic width 8.9-9.2 (7) v. 9.5-9.7 (3) 
and M 3 M 3 width 5.6-6.0 (7) v. 6.1-6.4 (3) and larger 
interlachrymal distance 4.7-4.9 (7) v. 4.5-4.6 (3). 
Interlachrymal distance relative to dentary length 
larger (Figure 6). Gians penis distal end less 
rounded in craniocaudal view and from lateral 
view distal tip longer (Figure 9). Baculum more 
gracile, base not as broadened and not bilobed, 
arms of distal bifurcation not as widely spaced or 
as broad (Figure 10) Dorsal pelage darker, tipped 
with Burnt Umber rather than Cinnamon. 
Hipposideros b. selatan differs from both H. b. 
tanimbarensis and H. b. hilli as described in the 
earlier diagnoses of these two subspecies. 
Description 
Approximately the same overall size as H. b. 
tanimbarensis with which it agrees in general form 
of cranium (apart from differences noted in the 
earlier diagnosis), dentition and dentary (see Table 
2a, b). Greatest skull length 17.59 (17.35-17.85) 17 
and forearm length 42.7 (41.6-43.7) 8. Zygomatic 
width narrower than mastoid width 9.00 (8.85-9.15) 
7 v. 9.15 (8.98-9.30) 7. 
Pelage colour of ventral surface Drab. The 
dorsum Drab tipped with Burnt Umber. Patagia 
Dusky Brown. 
Penis ca. 5 mm long, glans shape variable, with 
forms ranging from those shown in Figure 9 b, c 
and d. Baculum ca. 3.2 mm long, with shaft long, 
bifurcated slightly at distal tip (Figure 10b) but also 
with bifurcate arms closer together. 
Distribution 
Roti and Savu islands, Nusa Tenggara Timur, 
Indonesia. 
Etymology 
The most southern populations of H. bicolor. 
Selatan is Bahasa Indonesian for southern. 
DISCUSSION 
Hipposideros bicolor is a widespread Asian species 
that prior to this study was known to be 
distributed from mainland Asia (northern India 
through Assam, Burma, southern China, Thailand, 
Vietnam, Malay Peninsula) to the southeast islands 
of Sumatra, Java, to Flores island in the Lesser 
Sunda Islands, Sulawesi and Philippines and 
several smaller associated islands. This study 
confirms that it also extends eastwards along the 
southern chain of Indonesian islands as far as the 
Tanimbar Group. In this southern chain of islands 
it differentiates morphologically into three 
subspecies which have a stronger phenetic 
relationship with H. b. bicolor of Java rather than 
