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C.C. Lu, A. Reid 
Figure 1 A-F, Measurements and Terminology; A, whole animal dorsal view (for abbreviations and definitions see 
Table 1); B, tentacular club (C — carpus, D - dorsal, PM - protective membranes, SK - swimming keel, V - 
ventral). The number of suckers intersected in an oblique transverse line across the club, shown as a 
hatched line on this figure, is the Club Row Count (CIRC). In the example illustrated CIRC = 4.); C, upper 
beak (C - crest, H - hood, R - rostrum); D, lower beak (C - crest, H - hood, L - lateral wall, W - wing); E, 
arm sucker rim (I - inner ring, INF - infundibulum, PO - polygonal process, P - peg); F, radula (R - 
rhachidian teeth, LI - first lateral teeth, L2 - second lateral teeth, M - marginal teeth); G, cuttlebone, ventral 
view (for abbreviations and definitions, see Table 1). [A and G modified from Roper and Voss (1983) Figure 
13- 
species. All measurements are expressed in 
millimetres (mm). Measurements and counts for 
individual specimens are shown in tables 
accompanying descriptions. Ranges of arm length 
indices, arm sucker diameter indices, and arm 
sucker counts are also presented in tables 
accompanying descriptions, ranges for all other 
characters appear in the text. In species 
descriptions and tables, the range of values for 
each character are expressed as: minimum - mean 
- maximum (standard deviation (SD)). Ranges 
refer only to mature animals, and values for each 
sex are given separately. Numbers shown in bold 
with the range of measurements for mantle length 
indicate the upper size limit for each sex (numbers 
appear after the upper limit of the range when the 
largest specimens were not necessarily among the 
10 specimens selected for detailed examination and 
measurement for all characters). 
Measurements for structures which were clearly 
distorted or broken were not attempted, and these, 
in addition to missing values, appear as a dash (-) 
in the tables. Ranges for specific character traits 
given with each species description do not, 
therefore, always refer to the total number of 
specimens examined for each species. 
For scanning electron microscopy, arm and club 
suckers were removed from the middle of 
designated arms and the tentacular club, and 
dehydrated in an ethanol series through to 100% 
ethanol then air dried. Radulae and beaks were 
dissected from the buccal mass, and soaked for 
approximately half hour in a warm, saturated 
potassium hydroxide solution, then radulae were 
cleaned using forceps and a fine brush. In all cases, 
the new, unused portion of the radula was 
examined. All prepared material was mounted, 
gold coated and examined in a JSM 6400 (Japan 
