440 
G.R. Allen and Susan M. Morrison 
Figure 1 Apogon fuscomaculatus, holotype, 48.5 mm SL. Damaged scales and fins have been reconstructed. Drawing 
by S. Morrison. 
Diagnosis 
Dorsal rays VII-1,9; anal rays 11,8; pectoral rays 
15-16; lateral-line scales 24; predorsal scales 2-3; 
developed gill rakers 8-9; preopercular margin 
serrate; preopercular ridge smooth; body depth 
2.9-3.5 in SL; overall colour pale with 3-4 
horizontal rows of large brown spots on side, belly 
silvery, 3 narrow lines radiating from rear half of 
eye, and fins pale to dusky. 
Description 
Dorsal rays VII-1,9; anal rays 11,8; all dorsal and 
anal soft rays branched, the last to base; pectoral 
rays 15 (one paratype with 16), lowermost and two 
uppermost unbranched; pelvic rays 1,5, all rays 
branched; principal caudal rays 17, upper and 
lower rays unbranched; upper and lower 
procurrent caudal rays 7, posteriormost (and 
occasionally that preceding it) segmented; lateral¬ 
line scales 24, plus 4 pored scales posterior to 
hypural plate, the last (missing on all but one 
paratype) long and narrow, somewhat triangular; 
scales above lateral line to origin of dorsal fin 2; 
scales below lateral line to origin of anal fin 6; 
median predorsal scales about 2-3 (scales missing 
on most specimens; circumpeduncular scales 12; 
developed gill rakers 1 + 8 (1+7-8); branchiostegal 
rays 7; supraneural (predorsal) bones 3; vertebrae 
10 + 14. 
Body depth 2.9 (2.9-3.5) in SL; body width 1.8 
(2.0-2.3) in depth; head length 2.3 (2.2-2.5) in SL; 
dorsal profile of head straight except for rounded 
front of snout; snout length 4.1 (3.9-i.7) in head; 
orbit diameter 3.2 (3.0-3.4) in head; interorbital 
width 3.8 (3.8-4.1) in head; caudal peduncle depth 
2.7 (2.7-3.2) in head; caudal peduncle length 2.5 
(2.2-2.8) in head. 
Mouth large, the maxilla reaching vertical at rear 
edge of pupil or beyond this point, upper jaw 
length 2.0 (1.8-2.0) in head; mouth oblique, gape 
forming an angle of about 30 degrees to horizontal 
axis of head and body; posterior edge of maxilla 
slightly concave; no supramaxilla present; lower 
jaw slightly inferior; upper and lower jaws with a 
band of small villiform teeth in five to six irregular 
rows; irregular row of small teeth forming a “V" 
on vomer; double row of small conical teeth on 
palatines. Tongue broad- based with rounded tip. 
Anterior nostril a small, low-rimmed, 
membranous tube directly in front of center of eye 
about half distance from edge of orbit to front of 
upper lip; posterior nostril ovate without a rim, on 
a line connecting anterior nostril to top of orbit, 
more than twice as large as anterior nostril. 
Cephalic lateralis pores numerous, especially on 
interorbital, around eye, and on ventral surface of 
lower jaw. 
A single, flat, obtuse opercular spine. 
Preopercular margin serrate (21 serrae on left side 
of holotype and 13-16 on paratypes); preopercular 
ridge smooth. 
Scales weakly ctenoid. Lateral line conspicuous, 
nearly paralleling dorsal contour of body, and 
ending short distance posterior to caudal-fin base 
