84 
G.L. Pesce, P. De Laurentiis, W.F. Humphreys 
ramus; dorsal seta about three times longer than 
ramus; inner middle apical seta bearing numerous 
spinules on both sides of basal and middle part, 
plumose distally; outer middle apical seta barbed 
on the inner distal margin, spinulose along the 
outer margin. 
Antennule 6-segmented, armature as in Figure 
12. Antenna 3-segmented; basis with two inner 
distal plumose setae and one outer subdistal 
exopodal seta, second segment with one inner seta, 
distal segment with 5 inner and 7 apical setae 
(some plumose). 
Mandible, maxillule and maxilla without 
particular characteristics as compared to the 
original description. 
Maxilliped 2-segmented; proximal segment with 
three inner spiniform setae (one modified) and two 
outer subdistal setules; distal segment bearing two 
inner modified setae and three apical and subapical 
setae. 
Swimming legs 1-4 armament as follows 
(numerals as in H. longifurcatus): 
coxa 
basis 
endopodite 
exopodite 
legl 
0-1 
1-1 
0-1 ;0—1 :II—4 
I—1:1—1 ;III—5 
leg 2 
0-1 
1-0 
0-l;0-2;III-3 
I-l;I-l,TV-5 
leg 3 
0-1 
1-0 
0-l;0-2;III-3 
I-l;I-l;IV-5 
leg 4 
0-1 
1-0 
0-1,0-2,111-2 
I—1 ;I—1 ;III—5 
Leg 1 basis with spine at inner comer reaching 
about the posterior border of the endopodite 
segment 2. Legs 2-3 similar to each other, distal 
endopodite segment with proximal seta plumose 
basally and serrate distally. Leg 4 endopodite 
segment 3 about 1.3 times longer than broad, inner 
apical spine longer than segment and outer apical 
spine; inner setae plumose basally and spinulose 
distally. 
Leg 5 exopodite slightly longer than broad, and 
armed with one seta and three serrated spines, 
longer than segment. 
Leg 6 as in Figure 20. 
Remarks 
H. spinifer fits a group of species [thennophilus 
group, according to Herbst (1983)] which are 
characterized by a well developed chitinous 
spiniform process on each side of the genital 
double somite. 
The nominate group includes the following other 
species: H. thermophilus Kiefer, 1929; H. 
venezuelaensis Lindberg, 1954; H. japonicus Ito', 1956; 
tao US Shen <1nci Tai ' 1964; H - ant ‘K uaL ’nsis Herbst, 
1983; H. dedeckeri Brownell, 1983. 
Comparison between the specimens from 
Australia and the original description of H. spinifer, 
revealed minor differences only in the shape of the 
genital double somite and pseudoperculum, and in 
the size of the lateral spines on the genital double 
somite. For the latter, however, Falavigna da Rocha 
(in litt.) showed wide variation in the number and 
size of spinules forming the pseudoperculum, in 
the length/width ratio of the genital double somite, 
as well as in the shape and size of the lateral spines 
of the same somite in specimens of H. spinifer from 
BraziL 
From a biogeographical point of view, beside the 
Australian continent, H. spinifer is at present 
known for India, Iran and Brazil (Falavigna da 
Rocha, in lift.). 
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 
For determining the associated fauna we thank 
Mrs S. Slack-Smith, Dr T. Entwisle and Dr. L. B. 
Holthuis. We are also grateful to Dr J.W. Reid and 
Dr C. Plesa for valuable suggestions, and to Dr 
Falavigna da Rocha for reading and commenting 
on the manuscript. Field collecting was funded by 
the National Estate Grants Scheme and the water 
analysis by the Water Authority of Western 
Australia. 
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