32 
Indian Forest Records. 
[Vol. III. 
No records appear to be available as to the behaviour of gardnerized 
wood in India, nor do any trials appear to have been made in this direc¬ 
tion. Dr. Warth, in mentioning the process, seems to have had little 
reliable information’on the subject, while the only further description 
available is one published in the Indian Forester of 1889, page 479, 
and even this is extremely vague. 
(6) RUP 1 NG PROCESS. 
Theory on which the Process is based. 
This is a new process, not that new antiseptics are used, for any of the 
recognised antiseptic solutions can be employed with a Piiping plant. 
The aim of the process is to reduce the quantity of any solution 
necessary for effective protection of the timber and so reduce the cost of 
impregnation. The process is based on the assumption that it is neces¬ 
sary only to protect the cell-walls of the wood and that it is not neces¬ 
sary to fill the cellular spaces in order to render timber proof against 
insects and fungi. 
In the usual Creosoting process the seasoned timber is first subjected 
to a vacuum in order to remove the air and any remaining moisture from 
the timber after which Creosote is forced in to fill up the air-exhausted 
cavities and also to soak‘into the tissue. 
The Process. 
The reverse is the case in the Puping process. Instead of a vacuum 
being formed, the seasoned timber is subjected to a pressure of 5 atmos¬ 
pheres ; in other words, air is forced into the cellular spaces, instead of 
being drawn out of them. The antiseptic solution is then forced into the 
cylinder at a slightly greater pressure than 5 atmospheres, air being at 
the same time allowed to escape from the cylinder, but not in sufficient 
quantities to reduce the pressure below 5 atmospheres. On the timber 
in the cylinder being covered with the antiseptic solution the pressure is 
raised to about 15 atmospheres so as to force the fluid into, the timber. 
The inventor and Company explain the fact that the air is neither 
forced out of the timber nor forced to form an air cushion in the centre 
of the beam, by the fact that the capillarity of the wood and the pressure 
in the cells force the fluid to keep to the cell-walls and thus instead of the 
( 105 ) 
