(A) Blue Toadflax (lAnaria canadensis). This is 
a very slender and dainty species, the stem attaining 
heights of 5 to 30 inches. 
The little tubular flowers are violet-blue in color; the 
corolla is two-lipped, the upper one having two lobes 
and the lower one three; the latter is pouch-shaped and 
extends backwards into a very slender spur. Blue Toad¬ 
flax is commonly found in dry sandy fields throughout 
the United States and southern Canada. 
(B) Toad-flax; Butter-and-eggs ( Linaria vul ¬ 
garis ), although an immigrant, has extended its range 
from the Atlantic to the Pacific and southern Canada to 
the Gulf of Mexico. The stem is simple and from 6 to 
30 inches high. The narrow alternating leaves are 
grayish green, covered with a whitish bloom. 
The tubular, yellow flowers have two-lipped corollas, 
the upper ones of two lobes and the lower of three, the 
center one of which extends into a large sac-like spur 
and has a protruding, pouting, orange palate that closes 
the throat of the blossom. This arrangement is designed 
for the bumblebee, whose weight on the lower lip opens 
the flower so he can get at the nectar, while it is tightly 
closed to pilfering ants. 
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