FACIAL PARALYSIS. 
9 
must be allowed, as shown in a case related by Schoneberger, that an 
animal affected with this form of paralysis, if excited and forcibly driven, 
may not only suffer from severe dyspnoea, but may even die outright. 
In one case of double-sided peripheral paralysis the breathing was of 
a snoring character, even when the patient was at rest, whilst during 
inspiration the nostrils became contracted and the false nostrils collapsed. 
(Fig. 4.) 
Diagnosis of central paralysis is not difficult, though determination of 
the cause and its exact position require.much care. Should the paralysis 
be confined to one or both lips, it is peripheral; where the muscles both 
of the eyes and ears are affected at the same time, the injury is above the 
point where the nerve winds round the jaw. 
Central paralysis may sometimes be recognised 
by the continued existence of reflex irritability 
in the affected parts, showing that conductivity 
of the nerve is not destroyed. 
Prognosis. Most cases of peripheral paralysis 
recover in from four to six weeks. Return 
of irritability on faradisation points towards 
recovery, and this usually occurs little by little. 
When the animal is in a state of rest, it may be 
noted that the lip is returning to its normal 
position; should it be excited, however, the 
distortion again becomes visible. A prognosis 
is, therefore, best arrived at while the patient 
stands quietly in the stable. Cases of incom- 
1 . , , Fig. 4.-—Position of nostrils 
plete paralysis generally recover; those where and nose in double-sided 
the eyes and ears are affected are not hopeful, 
and where tumours are the cause a cure is not 
to be expected. Further, when the paralysis has been in existence for 
more than two or three months, the prognosis is always unfavourable. 
Double-sided is generally less hopeful than single-sided paralysis, while, 
if the appearances point to some central cause, little hope of cure can 
be entertained. 
Treatment. In one-sided incomplete paralysis the food which has 
accumulated in the cheek must be removed after each meal. Nothing- 
further is necessary. In complete paralysis of one side, soft, easily 
masticated food should be given, and the surface on the upper margin of 
the lower jaw, where the nerve emerges, rubbed with some resolvent 
material (Ugt. hydrarg). Such measures serve to satisfy the owner, and 
the rubbing certainly appears to alleviate inflammatory action. The 
frequently recommended injection of veratrine into the cheeks has 
proved of little value. Electricity is inapplicable, owing to the excessive 
