LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. 
XX 
FIG. 
141. Vertical section of the horse’s body between the last rib and external 
angle of the ilium .•••••’ 
142. Friedberger’s intestinal trochar for horses .... 
f43. Showing the relative positions of the thoracic and abdominal organs. 
Left side . . • * • • ■ 
f44. Showing the relative positions of the thoracic and abdominal oigans. 
Eight side 
145. Abdominal organs seen from below (L) , 
146. Mouth gag for oxen • 
147. Trochar and canula for puncture af the rumen 
148. Vertical section of the ox’s body, showing relative position of rumen 
and other organs . . . - - 
149. Brauer’s trochar 
150. Forceps for use with Brauer’s trochar , . • • 
151. Sheath of Brauer’s trochar 
152. Congenital malformation—atresia am m the bitch. (Semi-diagiammatic.) 
153. Congenital malformation—-atresia am et recti m the bitch. (Semi- 
diagrammatic.) 
154. Prolapsus recti with invagination in the bitch. (Semi-diagrammatic.) . 
155. Prolapsus recti with invagination in the horse • 
156. Stockfleth’s wooden ring ,..•••• 
157. 158. Method of ligation in prolapsus recti . . . . 
159. Calculus passed spontaneously. Natural size .... 
160. Urethral obstruction removed by Mr. Melhs .... 
161. Vaginal speculum , . • • 
162. Calculus spoon 
163. Calculus forceps ,...•••• 
164. Bouley’s calculus forceps. • ••••• 
165. Vesical calculus composed of phosphate and oxalate of lime 
166. Cystic calculus removed by V.-Lieut. Walker • 
167. Section of calculus removed by V.-Lieut. Walker 
168. Course of the urethra in the ox .••••• 
169. Flourant’s trochar ...•••• 
170. Median section of the bladder, urethra, vagina, and vulva of a cow (B) 
171. Inversion of the bladder in a mare • 
172. Amputation of the penis by the elastic ligature .... 
173. Amputation of the penis showing stump and urethral orifice 
174. Carcinoma of the testicle in a horse • 
175. “ Champignon” formation in the horse • 
176. Prolapse (inversion) of the vagina • 
177. Simple vaginal speculum .•••••• 
178. Expanding vaginal speculum (closed) • 
179. Expanding vaginal speculum (open) . . , • , 
180. Fracture (by crushing) of the body of a vertebra (C) . 
181. Bernardot and Butel’s apparatus for prevention of broken back when 
casting ...•••••• 
182. Schema illustrating fractures of the pelvis in the horse . 
183. Docking knife 
184. Docking knife ..•••••• 
185. Amputation of tail by flap operation (B) . . . • 
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