TREPHINING THE FACIAL SINUSES. 
05 
(4) Specific inflammation due to glanders, bothryomycosis, 01 actino- 
mycosis. The glanders, ulcers, or specific new growths are accompanied 
by a purulent fluid. 
The causes are as varied as the processes themselves. In t e 
horse the superior maxillary sinus is often involved in consequence of 
suppurative alveolar periostitis attacking the socket of a molar tooth 
and the discharge escaping into the cavity. It may also suffer owing to 
the development of new growths or the entrance of foreign bodies. 
Finally, the sinuses may become affected by extension of a disease like 
glanders or strangles from the nasal mucous membrane. 
Stockfleth found in this cavity a piece of bone, the result of unskilful 
trephining. Stenersen found pieces of sand-sedge, which had obtained 
jTg. 39 .—Osteomata from skull of a three year old bullock. 
entrance through the socket of a diseased upper molar.' Decomposed 
food may enter in the same way. Fractures of the frontal and superior 
maxillary bones, and in cattle, injury of the liorn-core, also act as 
causes. . 
Cadiot believes that chills due to cold external applications or cold 
irrigation of the sinuses may develop disease. Larvie of Gastrophilus 
are occasionally found in the sinuses in horses. 
In oxen the causes are usually fractures of the horn-core, or severe 
bruising and necrosis of bone due to the yoke. Tumours are rarer in 
oxen than in horses. 
J. J. Yahey (Ballinrobe, Ireland) saw a three year old bullock with 
slight' enlargement above the line of molar teeth on the left side, 
apparently involving the maxillary sinus. In four months the head 
increased to nearly double the normal size, and became much distorted. 
The left eye was almost closed, probably by a large osteoma within the. 
V.S. 
F 
