INFLAMMATION OF THE SALIVARY GLANDS. 
79 
recommended complete extirpation of the gland. In similar disease occurring 
in horses, the same surgical treatment must be adopted. A case of chronic 
inflammation of the submaxillary gland in a horse occurred in Moller’s 
clinique. The swelling appeared slowly in the region of the larynx, produced 
perforation and a permanent fistulous wound. A long, hard, painful swelling 
was found extending upwards in the course of the submaxillary gland, and a 
fistulous opening below in the throat, from which a canal ran throughout the 
greater part of the swelling. Healing was effected by passing a seton needle 
upwards through the swelling, making an opening, and inserting a drainage- 
tube. Under chronic inflammation of the tongue must be included infection 
with bothryomyces (horse) and with actinomyces (ox). The former are rare, 
and may be surgically treated. 
Treatment. Owing to the specific character of acute parotitis, cold 
applications are usually contra-indicated; while warmth, in the form of 
Preisnitz’s poultices, inrubbing of camphorated oil, and warm applica¬ 
tions, are to be recommended. Warmth either leads to dispersal or 
abscess formation, and, in any case, shortens the progress of the disease. 
When marked fluctuation appears the part had better be opened, but 
this may be needful earlier if dyspnoea threatens; and where breathing 
is much interfered with, tracheotomy becomes imperative. In ordinary 
circumstances distinct fluctuation is waited for, thus avoiding the danger 
of the incision wounding large blood-vessels or nerves, and of producing 
salivary fistulse. The cut is made parallel with the large blood-vessels 
and nerves, and the proceeding conducted as in opening a sub-parotideal 
abscess. Caution is required in employing the often recommended 
trochar, for injuries to large blood-vessels and considerable bleeding are 
not altogether avoided, even by its careful use. As the contents of the 
abscess are often under high pressure, and spurt out in a stream, 
Stockfletli recommended making the opening from the opposite side, 
and standing on a block of wood during the operation. The method 
described in the next section is preferable. 
With chronic parotitis, little can be done. Cattle should be prepared 
for slaughter without delay, because difficulty in breathing and swallowing 
often appear later, and make feeding absolutely impossible. Abscesses 
should be opened and their cavities washed out with 10 per cent, chloride 
of zinc, or similar disinfectant. In valuable animals, or such as have 
no slaughter value, total extirpation of the parotid may be adopted. 
In acute inflammation of the submaxillary gland and in chronic diseases, 
extirpation of the gland may be necessary, but is attended with great 
difficulty, especially in ruminants. In inflammatory diseases of the 
ducts of these glands endeavour should be made to render patent the 
buccal opening of the gland, give exit to its contents, and thus diminish 
the risk of abscess and fistula formation. 
