FOREIGN BODIES IN THE TRACHEA. 
193 
the bronchi cause mechanical pneumonia sometimes with fatal issue. 
Larger objects remain in the trachea or bronchi, and may produce deal 1 
from suffocation. A cow described by Grull, which, till the moment 
of seizure had been perfectly healthy, suddenly died in the stall wit 1 
symptoms of suffocation, and post-mortem showed the bronchi to be nl lee 
with food. Similar cases have repeatedly been observed. But Leisenng 
has drawn attention to the fact that, in animals with incomplete 
closure of the cardia, and especially in ruminants, portions of the tool 
after death may be forced through the oesophagus into the pharynx, 
thence into the trachea and bronchi, completely plugging them. 1S 
most likely to occur where the stomach has been full, 01 its con en s 
in a state of fermentation, or the carcase has been moved. A case 
described by Werner was clearly produced in this way. The distinctive 
features are absence of inflammatory appearances and complete stoppage 
of the trachea, which could never have been so packed had the matena 
entered during life. . ^ .. 
Dyspnoea results immediately the foreign body m any way nanow, 
the lumen of the trachea. The movement of the foreign body can some¬ 
times be heard or felt from without. The narrowness of the rima- 
glottidis renders it difficult for solids that have entered thus far to make 
their exit. In Henderson’s case, as reported, the tube of a tiaciea 
canula, which had slipped into the windpipe, was said to have been 
elected through the mouth; but such a conclusion is veiy exc 1 c 
Tumours in the trachea only attract attention when they become large 
enough to obstruct the air passage and produce dyspnoea A loud so 
is then heard, both during inspiration and expiration. It is pai tici y 
characteristic of tracheal tumours that they cause a marked sound dun g 
expiration. The position and form of the new growths explain this 
peculiarity, and their slow development accounts for the gradual mciease 
of dyspnoea, which may finally cause suffocation. The presence of a 
tumour can only be directly detected when it originates on the outer 
surface of the trachea, and thence breaks through the tracheal wall a® 
malignant new growths generally do. Otherwise the position of a 
may be determined by palpation, pressure at a particular spot mc^g 
or decreasing the dyspnoea and noise. This symptom is quite pecuhal 
to tumours. . , . • • „ 
Treatment. Prophylactic treatment requires that m givin 
dogs and horses particular care should be taken, especial y ‘ 1 
are restive. The head must neither be raised too high, nor tm net on 
its own axis. It is easy to judge of the action of such abnorma 
positions of the head by attempting to swallow whilst the head is either 
turned much towards the right or left. Such positions are, however 
less dangerous in oxen. Very great care is required if the drugs are not 
Y.S. 
