PROLAPSE AND INVERSION OF THE URINARY BLADDER. 
38B 
presenting foetal envelopes, and grave results ensue if perforated under 
this erroneous idea. 
Inversion of the urinary bladder is a condition in which the bladder 
is turned inside out, passing through the urethra something like a 
reversed pocket; the disease has up to the present almost always been 
observed in mares during or soon after parturition. Gniger saw it in 
a mare which had shortly before aborted, and suffered rupture of the 
perineum. Lonnecker noted inversion in mares both during pregnancy 
and after parturition. Esser diagnosed the condition in sows, also after 
parturition. It therefore seems that about this time the urethra is 
abnormally dilated, a condition necessarily antecedent to inversion of 
the bladder. Mann saw a mare in which the disease did not occur until 
three weeks after parturition. Rauscher speaks of a two-and-a-half 
year old filly which suffered from inversion. Forcible dilatation of the 
urethra in mares, practised for the removal of cystic calculi, may occasion 
the disease if the constrictors of the abdomen contract powerfully. In 
geldings Moller has repeatedly dilated the neck of the bladder sufficiently 
to admit the whole hand for the purpose of removing cystic calculi, but 
in spite of this has never noticed the condition. 
Inversion of the bladder is distinguished by the presence of a spherical 
