436 
TUMOURS OP THE VAGINA AND UTERUS. 
normal position. After the second horn has been replaced by the same 
method (though great difficulty is often met with here), the uterus is also 
filled with water, and after replacement, the fluid is allowed to escape 
by placing the animal in the horizontal position. The lips of the vulva 
are closed with a loose button suture left in position for three days. 
IY.—TUMOURS OF THE VAGINA AND UTERUS. 
As a rule, diseased new growths in these organs are commoner in 
the human species than in animals. Fibromata in particular seldom 
attain the extensive development here which they do in the human 
subject, though fibromata, carcinomata, sarcomata, and especially reten¬ 
tion cysts have repeatedly been seen in the vagina of cows. Such tumours 
also occur in bitches (fibromyomata), but are rare in other animals. 
In bitches, partial prolapse of the upper wall of the vagina sometimes 
occurs, attended with severe swelling in the prolapsed part, and is 
generally regarded, and even treated, as a fibrous new growth. A pale 
red ovoid swelling suddenly appears in the vulva, generally attains the 
size of a hen’s egg, and cannot be returned, or if returned, soon appears 
again. The disease is commonest during the time of heat, and after 
successful coitus. 
Heckmann found in the vagina of a bitch a pedunculated polypus, which 
arose from the right wall, and was removed bv ligation. Zipperlen describes 
a polypus on the cervix of a cow; Leblanc a similar growth in a bitch. 
In cows, the most common growths are cysts, which occur in the vestibule 
of the vagina, particularly on the left side. They result from blockage of 
Bartholin’s glands, while those occurring close behind the opening of the 
urethra are due to occlusions of Wolff’s duct. Eggeling detected, in a cow’s 
vagina, a sarcoma telangiectodes, which led to death by bleeding during 
parturition. Ulcerating carcinomata have repeatedly been found both in cows 
and bitches ; Bang saw carcinoma of the vestibulum vaginae in a cow. 
Sand saw severe bleeding from vaginal varicose veins in a mare. The 
bleeding could not be stopped, and in consequence of progressive anaemia 
the animal had finally to be slaughtered. 
Gilruth describes an epithelioma of the vulva and vagina in an aged 
cow. The external growth was about 7 inches long and 6 inches wide, 
implicated both labise and the lower part of the anus, and extended about 
8 inches into the vagina. The animal was killed. The pelvic and posterior 
mesenteric glands contained small, greyish soft nodules (Cadiot and Dollar’s 
“ Clinical Veterinary Medicine and Surgery,” p. 425). 
Apart from tuberculosis, the urethra is seldom the seat of tumours, 
and still less frequently does it call for surgical treatment on their 
account. The changes, often described as scirrhous, probably result 
from endometritis chronica, though polypoid new growths occur, and 
are sometimes of considerable extent; Bedenberg found in the uterus of 
a cow a tumour which weighed between 28 lbs. and 30 lbs. Carcino¬ 
mata and sarcomata have repeatedly been seen in bitches ; Esser found 
a fibroid of the uterus in a cow. 
