ACUTE INFLAMMATION OF THE UDDER. 
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adhesive plaster, collodion or wound gelatine may be employed for the 
same purpose on the hairless or previously-shaven udder, Hertwig 
recommends a liniment of alum and albumen, which should be applied 
to the thickness of an eighth of an inch or more. During lactation, 
however, every means may fail, because the udder is continually filling 
and emptying, and the skin changing in position. The use of a milk 
catheter, by allowing the milk to discharge from the affected section, 
often gets over the difficulty and ensures healing by primary intention. 
If healing by first intention be no longer possible, treatment must follow 
general principles. By observing careful relative antisepsis, the bur¬ 
rowing of pus and cellulitis can be prevented. Closure of fistulse may 
be sought by using caustics or the actual cautery ; during treatment a 
milk catheter should be inserted. All other methods failing, the end of 
the lactation period must be awaited, when the fistula can generally be 
closed by cauterising with nitrate of silver. 
Bruises, accompanied by the passage of blood-stained milk, require the 
udder and the teats to be most carefully kept clean, so as to prevent 
infection. The removal of the blood and milk is best effected by 
catheter. Moist warmth in the form of poultices assists resorption. 
So-called resorbent applications like mercurial ointment rarely effect 
any good, though they serve to pacify the owner. If licked by the cow 
or calf they may prove positively dangerous, and under any circumstances 
are apt to get into and foul the milk. 
Calculi sometimes form in the mammary gland or galactophorous 
sinus. They consist chiefly of organic substances, but usually contain a 
considerable quantity of phosphate of lime, form rounded masses varying 
in size and number, though they are not often numerous, and can be 
detected by palpation of the udder or teat. Those which enter the teat 
can usually be removed by manipulation from above downwards with the 
finger and thumb. Failing success by this method the teat must be laid 
open, the calculus removed, and the wound closed by sutures. The parts 
(which should have been carefully disinfected before operation) can then 
be thickly painted with iodoform collodion, or sublimate gelatine. Calculi 
which do not enter the teat seldom prove troublesome. 
(2.) ACUTE INFLAMMATION OF THE UDDEB (MASTITIS 
ACUTA). ITS PATHOLOGY AND VARIETIES. 
Authors have adopted the most varying views as to the origin and 
classification of the various forms of inflammation of the udder, some 
based on anatomical, others on clinical and pathological grounds. All 
of these have some justification, but none equally satisfy the practitioner 
and the scientist. Were it possible, classification should follow etiological 
