CHRONIC INFLAMMATIONS OF THE UDDER. 
455 
Of five sheep thus treated, only one died. Nocard also emphasised the 
usefulness of injections; he recommends amputation, and subsequent 
cauterisation with sulphate of copper. 
(B) CHRONIC INFLAMMATIONS OF THE UDDER, 
(a) infectious catarrhal mastitis. 
This disease has been seen in sporadic and apizootic forms, affecting 
cows, sheep and goats in various parts of Switzerland, France, and 
Italy. It consists in a chronic infectious catarrh of the udder, which, 
without causing any particular anatomical lesions, leads to atrophy. 
Guillebeau and Hess regard the cause as a streptococcus which they 
found in the milk and in the cells and interstitial connective tissue of the 
gland. It is easy to cultivate and stain, and by inoculation reproduces 
the disease. 
The clinical appearances consist in diminution in quantity and change 
in character of the milk, without any particular pain or swelling of the 
udder. Kitt has therefore termed the disease Agalactia contagiosa 
catarrhalis. No loss of bodily condition usually occurs, 
Diagnosis depends on finding the specific organism in the milk on 
microscopic examination. 
The prognosis is favourable so far as life is concerned, but unfavour * 
able in regard to the restoration of function of the udder, which is 
usually lost. Moreover, in those cases where the disease seems to have 
been arrested it often reappears during the next lactation period. 
Treatment has hitherto been unsuccessful. Preventive measures, 
like disinfection of the sheds, &c., seem most promising. 
(b) tuberculosis of the udder, mastitis tuberculosa. 
Tuberculosis of the udder can scarcely be regarded as a surgical 
disease. It is usually of a secondary character. In Denmark it appears 
to be common. 
The clinical appearances consist in slow enlargement of the udder, 
without acute inflammatory symptoms. The supramammary lymphatic 
glands become simultaneously enlarged, sometimes to the size of a 
man’s fist. At first the milk seems unchanged, but afterwards contains 
tubercle bacilli (sometimes in great numbers). Still later, it diminishes 
in quantity and becomes watery, flocculent, or lumpy. 
Diagnosis is assured by the discovery of the tubercle bacilli in the 
milk, though the clinical appearances are often quite sufficient to settle 
the character of the disease. 
The prognosis is unfavourable, and treatment is of no value. 
