1/8 The American Geologist. Maivh, 1905 
sandy, without lamination, and contains many flat slabs of , 
limestone which are without orderly arrangement. Boulders 
of native copper and of specular iron ore found in the till, 
indicate that it was deposited by a glacier moving from the 
N. W . toward the S. E. Strige etc. on rock surfaces in the 
midst of the drumlins, record an ice movement from the N. 
E. toward the S. W. The longer axes of the drumlins are 
not strictly parallel, but vary in trend from N". 32 degrees E. 
to X. 55 degrees E. The rock on which the drumlins rest, 
is Trenton limestone, and has a conspicuously even surface; 
no knobs or crags are present, such as might serve as nyclei 
for till accumulation. The larger drumlins rise to a uniform 
hight and if the valleys and channels between them were 
filled a nearly horizontal plain would be produced. The de- 
pressions separating the drumlins are in many instances, 
smooth surfaced, concave troughs ; and in one example there 
is a well defined trench of this character, about 12 feet deep 
and from 20 to 30 feet wide, about the X. E. end of a small 
drumlin and extending along its sides. The surfaces of the 
drumlins to a depth of some 12 to 18 inches, are composed 
of exceedingly fine, dust-like loamy sand, which contains 
loose stones and boulders. 
The drumlins are for the most part smooth-surfaced, half 
cigar-shaped hills of the normal type, but in a few instances 
instructive irregularities are present. Among these are: a 
flattening of a portion of the normally elliptical ground plan 
as if a marginal portion of a well-shaped drumlin had been 
removed by erosion, leaving an abnormally steep slope ; deep 
transverse trenches at right angles to their longer axes ; 
straight or curved trenches extending from their summits 
down their sides ; irregular pits in their normally smooth 
surfaces ; and in one instance, a terrace-like shelf with a con- 
vex longitudinal profile, parallel with the crest line of the 
drumlin on the side of which it occurs. 
In the valleys between the drumlins, there are several 
eskers, which as a rule are in a general way parallel with 
their longer axes, but in a few instances cross their trend 
nearly at right angles. In one example, an esker extends 
each way from a transverse trench in a drumlin ; and in a 
few instances, eskers occur on the tops of drumlins. 
