274 American Geologist. ^^^y- ^^^^ 
layer is shed in the form of springs along its upper surface, and 
water which lies below it is confined under hydrostatic pressure. 
The detailed relations between the surface waters shed in that 
way and the water of the St. Peter sandstone which lies below 
the laminated clay cannot be ascertained. It is known, how- 
ever, that in many places wells which penetrate the St. Peter 
sandstone through the laminated clay furnish an artesian flow 
of excellent water in large amount. It is also known that some 
wells which penetrate the till of the drift likewise furnish an 
excellent water in large amount. The chemical resemblance 
between these two waters will not allow of their being distin- 
guished one from the other, and it is also reasonable to infer 
that they actually are practically one and the same, especially 
where the till which furnished such flow lies within the old 
gorge. Indeed, it seems not only possible but probable that the 
till here spoken of graduates into the laminated clay impercep- 
tibly and with it constitutes but one sheet of drift, which was 
modified in accordance with the conditions attending its depo- 
sition. 
One of the most interesting observations can be made in the 
valley of Bassett's creek, just above the angle of the creek, at 
the Glenwood-Inglewood "springs," so-called. The accom- 
panying diagram (above) shows the structural relations be- 
tween the different parts of the drift and the sandstone, and the 
different water basins. It can be seen that along the upper 
slopes of the bluffs which enclose Bassett's creek there is a se- 
ries of springs, the water of which is shed either by the Tren- 
ton limestone or by the till, or by both, these springs being — 
say — fifty feet above Bassett's creek and furnishing an excel- 
lent water coming entirely from the drift deposits. Whether 
the water of these springs, which is still gathered into pipes and 
which flows to waste, was ever used for distribution throughout 
the city of Minneapolis I do not know, but at the present time 
the water which is distributed to the city of Minneapolis from 
these "springs" is derived from below the till deposit and it 
rises above the surface in the form of an artesian water to the 
hight of — say — twenty feet above Bassett's creek. Several 
tubular wells have been sunk by the proprietors through the 
till, which is said to be pebbly but not stony, into a water-bear- 
ing stratum of sand. What lies below the sand has not been 
