Man and the Glacial Period. 191 
the discovery by Columbus, indicate for this division of nmnl<iud 
probably almost as great antiquity as in the eastern hemisphere, 
where many lines of evidence point to the origin and dispersion 
of men at a time far longer ago than the (i,000 to 10.000 years, 
which measure the Postglacial epoch. 
Somervillr, Mass., F<J,. J, 1S93. 
PRK(U.AriAr> Man not I.mprouahlk. 
By E. W. (ii.AYPOLK, Akron, O. 
The nature and date of the Ice- Age are important elements 
in the problem of the antiquity of man, because as we trace him 
back into the past, we seem almost to lose the trail when we 
touch the edge of the ice. Thus these questions are raised, ' 'Did 
man live during the later stage of the glacial era, or was he even 
in existence, as man, before this last stage began?'' So far as 
Europe is concerned, the former of these questions must be affirm- 
atively answered, and not a little evidence has been accumulated 
toward giving a similar reply to the other. But in regard to 
North ilmerica, the question at present stands in a different 
position. A certain amount of evidence has been collected, satis- 
factory to many, but not to all arclneologists, in favor of man's 
presence here immediate!}' after the culmination of the glacial 
era. But we have as yet absolutel}' no reason for thinking that 
North America was a human abode before the last oncoming of 
the ice-sheet. The discrepancy is puzzling. The antitpiity of 
the human race, judging from the facts thus far attained, must 
apparently be gi'eater in Europ(^ than in America. That the old 
world should be the evolutionary home of the race is in harmony 
with the facts of l^iology. There are to be found, all the four 
anthropoid apes, man's nearest animal relatives. And not only 
so, but the monkeys and ])aboons, more distant still, are entirely 
Eurasian and African. Only the com))aratively distant cebids or 
spider-monkeys, etc., are natives of the western world. Their an- 
atomical structure is so ditf'erent from man's, that comparison is 
out of the (piestion. 
And yet when we consider the wonderful manner in which man, 
even savage man, has wormed himself int<^ the most inaccessible 
places, such as Easter and tlic other islets of the Pacilic, it is 
