224 The American Geologist. April, 1893 
the object was used as a hammerstone, the pits accommodating 
the thumb and opposing finger. The smaller stone is irregularly 
discoid, is three and one-half inches in greatest diameter and one 
and a ([uarter inches thick. The sides are rudely pitted. The 
pecking has been done with a sharp stone carelessly used and the 
depressions are very rough to the finger tips. The margin or per- 
iphery is slightly battered by use. The occurrence of these two 
pitted stones of such varying size on a simple shop site furnishing 
no large fragments of quartz, led to the surmise that possibl}' the 
larger was a kind of anvil upon which the quartz fragments were 
placed to be splintered by the smaller stone. Both ma}-, however, 
be simple hammerstones. The essential observation in regard to 
them as well as to the clusters of splintered quartz is that all are 
evidently of modern aboriginal origin. 
On a somewhat higher level about half a mile above the dam, 
near a large lumber mill, I found another shop cluster of like 
character, the fragments being distributed to somewhat greater 
depth through disturbance of the original bed. Near by was a 
small artificially discoid hammerstone of granite. 
These shop clusters all contain the ordinary flakes, fragments 
and rejects of blade-making, characteristic of quartz shop-refuse in 
all parts of the country. The ground on the west side of the river, 
wherever disturbed b}' plow, pick or wheel, is found to contain 
more or less fragmental quartz of corresponding forms. It was 
apparent that the supply of raw material was easily and generally- 
accessible, and I soon found that over a large part of the second- 
ary flood plain the alluvial deposits are very shallow, being un- 
derlain by Huronian slates through which run numerous heavj' 
veins of quartz. A trench from two to four feet deep carried along 
a newly laid railroad track, a few rods back from the river, ex- 
posed man}' of these veins and white workable masses of quartz 
were scattered about in profusion. These ancient formations rise 
considerably above the present level of the back-water and certainly 
reach to within eight or ten feet of the surface level of the main 
glacial terrace. This fact, it seems, had not been previousl}' ob- 
served. The only well marked village site found on the east side 
of the river is located on the remnant of a subordinate terrace 
which connects with the abutment of the great dam. The terrace 
is from three to six feet above the water of the dam, and falls off 
aljruptl}- below some twenty feet to a lower level. Originally there 
