Pleistocene Papers^ Ottawa Meeting of G. S.A. ii43 
and diverse processes in different regions for the formation of the 
glacial and modified drift deposits. 
Prof. Wright remarked that Dr. Abbott in examining exten- 
sive railwaj^ excavations of the Trenton gravel had far more 
opportunity for the discovery of implements than Mr. Holmes in 
his recent observations, and that Prof. Putnam in several days' 
search found five stone implements there in the undisturbed 
glacial gravel. The implements found in Ohio by Mr. Mills and 
Dr. Metz are also entirely conclusive testimony of the presence 
of men contemporaneous with the departure of the ice-sheet. 
Any artificial flakes of stone, and "quarry rejects" or failures, 
are quite as good proofs of man's presence as finished impie- 
ments. 
Prof. Salisbury' would restrict the term englacial drift to the 
material borne along in the central and upper portions of the ice- 
sheet, which was scanty and of distant origin, while the basal 
portion of the ice contained much drift from near sources. He 
concurred with Mr. McGee in doubting the testimony which has 
been supposed to establish the existence of man on this continent 
during the Glacial period. 
The post-glacial outlet of the Great Lakes through Lahe Nipis- 
sing and the Mattairan River. By G. FREDERICK Wrkjht. 
Following the suggestion of Mr. Gilbert in his paper on the ' 'His- 
tory of the Niagara River," that the northeastward depression of 
the northeastern United States and the eastern provinces of 
Canada at the close of the Glacial period probably caused an out- 
flow from lake Huron for some time b}' way of lake Nipissing 
and the Mattawan into the Ottawa river. Prof. Wright had dur- 
ing the past summer examined the course of the supposed outflow 
and found good evidence that it was a fact. Trout lake, at the 
head of the Mattawan river, is only three miles from lake Nipis- 
sing and is 20 feet higher; and the swamp on the divide between 
them is 20 feet, or less, above Trout lake, or about 100 feet 
above lake Huron and Georgian ba}'. On the north side of this 
swamp, a beach line or terrace was traced all the wa}' from lake 
Nipissing to Trout lake, and is regarded as the level of the former 
outflow. The Mattawan in its length of about 80 miles descends 
some 200 feet, and on the south side of its mouth a terrace 80 
feet above its junction with the Ottawa bears a surprising pro- 
fusion of Imulders of all sizes up to 20 and even ;»0 feet in 
