332 The American Geologist. May, 1593 
DEEP WELL AT DELORAINE. MANITOBA. 
By J. B. Tyrrell, M, A., etc., Ottawa.* 
The following paper is in part a reprint of an article published 
in the transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, Vol. IX, 1891; 
but at the date when that article was sent to the press, the well 
had not reached a depth of more than 1800 feet, and the section 
had not reached the bottom of the Benton shales. Now, however, 
the well has reached a depth of 1943 feet, and the drill has des- 
cended 108 feet into the Dakota sandstone, which is the forma- 
tion from which large supplies of artesian water are obtained in 
Dakota and other states to the south, and which is the only under- 
ground source from which a plentiful supply of good water could 
be hoped for in this part of Manitoba. A strong flow of water 
was obtained, but it will not rise to the surface, and is said to 
stand about a hundred feet below it. Boring has consequentl}' 
been discontinued, and the question whether it will pay to pump 
water out of the well, or what supply of water can be obtained from 
it, j-et remains to be solved. 
The well was sunk b}^ William Ward for the town of Deloraine, 
which is situated at the terminus of the Pembina Mountain branch 
of the Canadian Pacific railwa3\ The town is in the southeast 
quarter-section of section 10, township 3, range 23, west of the 
principal meridian, in Manitoba. The well is about a hundred 
yards north of the railway station, on a level alluvial or lacustral 
plain stretching northward from the base of the Turtle mountain 
towards the Souris river. It was begun in November, 1888, in the 
hope of finding a large supplj' of water at a moderate depth, for 
there is no permanent stream in the vicinity, and the water of 
Whitewater lake, which lies on the plain about three miles distant, 
is quite highl}'- charged with sulphate of soda and other saline in- 
gredients. 
The machinery used was a percussion drill, supported by jointed 
rods, and worked by a small stationary engine. The well is cased 
with iron tubing, which decreases in diameter with the increase in 
depth, the smaller sizes sliding down within, and extending below 
the larger, which latter, therefore, merely serve to support the upper 
*Published with permission of the Director of the Canadian Geolog- 
ical Survey. 
