250 The American Geologist. April, isoi 
Kitchell and his assistants, and can easily be verified by any one 
who will visit the localities cited in this report." 
I offer these quotations as matters of fact rather than of criti- 
cism, for Dr. Kite-hell's really valuable work was terminated by 
his death in 1861, and it is hardly fair to criticise adversely, a 
man's incomplete work. 
During the year 1862, mainly through the efforts of Dr. Cook, 
the survey was re-organized with Dr. Cook as state geologist. In 
the first report of 1863 Dr. Cook states his position most unam- 
biguously. On p. 7 of this report he says : — "I have endeavored 
to make plain and indeed to demonstrate a number of points which 
were not clearly settled in the first survey. Thus the commonby 
received opinion that the white limestones of Sussex are the same 
as the blue limestone only changed in color and structure by heat, 
is clearby shown to be erroneous by the sketch of a locality near 
Franklin Furnace, where the two rocks are shown to be totally 
distinct from each other, one of them being in laj-ers which dip to 
the southeast while the other lies upon the upturned edges of the 
former and dips to the northwest. " 
As it is recorded the observation is faulty in the extreme. The 
two rocks are nowhere seen to be in contact and the blue lime- 
stone lies upon the upturned edges of the gneiss only and not 
near the white limestone. 
North of the Furnace pond the white limestones dip S. E. The 
next outcrop is granite, and the next is an outcrop of blue lime- 
stone which dips N. W. and in which fossils, Obolella crassa, and 
graphite, were found as well as numerous oolites. This limestone 
is called blue or unaltered, dips N. W. , and cannot therefore ' < lie 
upon the upturned edges of the white." 
In the report for 1864, Dr. Cook again briefly refers to the 
white limestone rock "which is found interstratified with the 
gneiss rock, along the entire N. W. border of the Highlands of 
Warren and Sussex counties." In an accompanying section he 
shows that he considers the rock "Azoic." 
In 1868 Dr. Cook published a very exhaustive report on the 
" Geology of New Jersey. " In this report, the chapter on the 
Azoic Formation has a very important statement bearing on this 
subject, and I quote the opening paragraph of this chapter in full : 
"Under this division are included the gneiss rocks, the crystalline 
limestones and the beds of magnetic iron ore. There has been some 
