- 1 1 i The American Geologist. May, i89i 
Sec. l. Cyathophylloidea. 
Fam. 1. Cyathophyllidse. 
Fam. 2. Heliophyllidae. 
Fam. 3. Clisiophy] lithe. 
Sec :.'. Zaphrentoidea. 
Fam. 1. Zaphrentidae. 
Fam. 2. Hadrophyllidte. 
Fam. 3. Streptelasmidae. 
Sec 3. Cystiphylloidea. 
Fam. 1. Cystiphyllidse. 
Fam. 2. Calceolidte. 
Sec. m. M. Fungida. 
Sec. iv. M. Perforata. 
The group is much restricted by the removal of Staurta, Cyath- 
oxonia and other genera to the Aporosa. 
The genera printed in small capitals are the more common and 
important of the Rugosa. 
Geological Laboratory, Univ. of Michigan. August, 1890. 
ZOANTHARIA RUGOSA, E. AND H. 
i ■ i i: v< oi: \i i \. ii \ i < K . 
Corallites simple or compound, free or grown together. Four 
systems of septa which have a bilaterally symmetrica] arrange 
ment and generally extend feather-like from a principal septum 
and two side septa, or are arranged regularly radiate. One or all 
of the four primary septa are distinguished either by especial size 
and strength or by imperfect development; in the last case being 
situated in the septal fovea?. The septa when alternating in the 
calyx are generally arranged so that a shorter incomplete one 
(second order) is next to a longer (first order). The visceral cavity 
is frequently supplied with tabulae and dissepiments. Coenen- 
chyma wanting. Calyces of the compound stems clearhy sepa- 
rated. Increase is by ova. calicinal and lateral gemmation. 
