Warrior coalfield of northern Alabama. — Frazer. 311 
just west of the Louisville and Nashville railroad; there are two 
tunnels about eighty j^ards apart, called respectively the Xorth 
and the South Alabama works. 
The measures are nearly horizontal to the eye, but in fact dip 
southwardly about 1 foot in 36 feet. These drifts are in the 
lowest of the principal coal beds of the coal series or the Warrior. 
At the face of the north opening, underneath 12 feet of sand- 
stone and shale, is a laj r er of black-band of about 1 foot 8 inches 
in contact with about 4 inches of kidney ore on its lower surface. 
A fire-clay 3 feet to 5 feet thick is below the coal beds. 
A vertical section gives : 
Sandstone and shale 12 ft. 
Black-band with base of kidney ore 2 ft. 2 in. 
Coal ft. 8 in. 
Slate ft, 6 in. 
Coal 2 ft. in. 
Fire Clay 4 ft. 6 in. 
A fair sample of the coal was taken from the present working 
face at the extremity of the drift by the writer, and gave the 
following results : 
Per Cent. 
Moisture (at 105° Cent.) 1.19 
Volatile matter 29.46 
Fixed carbon 64.66 
Ash 4.G9 
Sulphur 1.57 
Phosphorus 0.028 
, The black-band is here immediate^- above the coal. Where 
there is a considerable interval between the two, the expenses of 
mining each are materially increased. The roof is here fine coal 
slate. The mining work is extensive and well done. About 100 
yards northward from the opening along the valley is an outcrop 
of black-band in the side of the hill 2 feet thick but not pure. 
An average sample of the 20-inch thick seam of black-band 
from the working face in the drift where it was latest mined, was 
taken by the writer and gave the following results : 
Per Cent. 
Moisture (at 105° Cent.) o.25 
, T , ,., . . ) combustible 27 9fi 
\ olati <• matter... \ „ ,„ , .... '■• 
\ non-combustible 8.84 
Fixed carbon 20.31 
Ash 42.64 
Ferrous oxide (Fe O) 24.14 
