316 The American Geologist. May, 1891 
conglomerate and lower conglomerate measures in this region occur 
in lenticular masses and run out in all directions, forming merely 
roughly defined horizons of fossil vegetable matter. It shows, 
moreover, that in this region these deposits cannot be depended 
upon to supph* any considerable quantity of fuel with regularity. 
At 150 feet above Flint creek, on the right bank, is a small 
G inch seam of coal, 40 feet above which is a conglomerate 8 feet 
thick. Along this ridge between Flint and Lick creeks the same 
small and capricious coal bed is seen always close to the conglom- 
erate. At a natural portico made by a huge overhanging ledge of 
conglomerate from which a small stream plunges to the hills below, 
the coal was an impure layer of 14 inches on one side and at a dis- 
tance of 50 feet about 7 inches on the other. In some places it 
seems to disappear altogether. The measures here seem to dip 
gently southeast. 
A hole had been drilled on the hill northeast of the Flint creek 
drift and about 260 feet above it, which proved the presence of a 
hard conglomerate beneath the surface. 
Almost one-fifth of Cullman county, or that portion lying in the 
southwest corner is underlain by valuable seams of coal. This 
fraction holds the "Black Creek"" and "Warrior"' seams. The 
territory near Warrior contains, besides, the "Jefferson,'" and in 
some cases one or two of the unreliable small beds of coal above 
it. but not any so high up in the series as the "Newcastle."* 
There is also here a workable black-band seam, one element in 
the value of which is that near Warrior it occurs close enough to 
the Warrior coal vein to enable both to be mined at once. The 
relative positions of these veins, as of all other strata in this coal 
field, change very greatly within short distances, and it is not at 
all certain that the area over which the ore will be found to be a 
workable deposit is as large as that in which the Warrior coal vein 
may be confidently expected. 
No ores were seen in the portion of these lands personall}' in- 
spected which would engage the serious attention of an iron mas- 
ter, though it is quite probable that valuable ores occur on some 
of the detached southeastern sections in other counties. 
The timber in Cullman county is excellent and abundant. Par- 
ticular acres were found by Dr. Mohr, of Mobile, to contain as 
much as 30,000 feet B. M. and many unselected acres as much as 
15,000 feet. Its quality appears to be admirable. 
*See Note II. at the end. 
