352 The American Geologist. June, i89i 
Dame does not indicate the geographic position of the typical sec- 
tion it is believed that the adoption of the name < Penninian sys- 
tem,' or ' Pennian S} T stem ' (the latter being preferable), ma}' be 
of advantage to the science ".* Finally, the Appalachian Paleozoic 
rocks are correlated with the Pennian as follows: "The Che- 
mung marine fauna is strictly Devonian ; the brackish water fish 
fauna of the Catskill is as strictly Pennine. Hence the red rocks 
of the Catskill formation of New York, the Ponent, Umbral, and 
Vespertine formations of Pennsylvania, belong to the Pennine 
carboniferous." Proceeding westward the Pennine will include 
"the formations called Waverly, Marshall, Kinderhook, Chou- 
teau, containing, as they do, a fauna distinctly related to the Car- 
boniferous limestone fauna, "f 
In connection with the paper just reviewed, an earlier opinion of 
Dr. Newberry is of especial interest. After calling attention to 
" the correspondence of the fauna of the Catskill and Upper Old 
Red sandstone of the British Islands " he said : "It has troubled 
the English geologists much to draw any well-marked line, in the 
series to which I have referred [Old Red Sandstone of England, 
Scotland and Ireland], between the Devonian and the Carboniferous 
systems ; but there are none who do not regard as Carboniferous 
at least a portion of the yellow sandstones which underlie the Car- 
boniferous limestone, and contain Holoptychius as a characteristic 
fossil. Hence it will be seen that in the Catskill of Pennsylvania 
we have strata which are not only lithologically similar to those 
which in Scotland and England lie at the top of the Devonian and 
base of the Carboniferous S3'stem, but that this similarity of min- 
eralogical character and geological position is accompanied by a 
similarity of fauna. "J 
About the only fauna contained in the Catskill group is < ' the 
brackish water fish fauna"? of which Holoptychius and Bothriolepis 
are characteristic genera. The following ten species of fossil 
fishes have been reported from the Catskill of New York and 
Pennsylvania and are described by Dr. Newbeny in his excellent 
work on "The Paleozoic fishes of North America. "|| 
*IbicL, p. 19. \Ibid., p. 19. 
JRep't. Geol. Surv. Ohio, Vol. I, Geol. and Pal., Pt. II, Pal., 1873, 
pp. 275, 376. 
'i Dr. Newberry thinks that "the Catskill rocks were deposited in a 
fresh-water lake." Mon. U. S. Geol. Surv., Vol. XVI, p. 106. Also, see 
table of groups of the Carboniferous system on p. 77, and p. 101. 
Mon. U. S. Geol. Surv., Vol. XVI. 
