92 
PALEONTOLOGY OF NEW YORK. 
and shiny, as in K. Labradorica ; like that of Trematis, K. pannula, or Lingul- 
ella, K. sculptilis. 
“ The interiors of the valves of 
the only species we have showing 
the interiors, K. cingulata, have 
numerous radiating striae extend¬ 
ing from the beak outward toward 
the margins of the shell. 
“ In the interior of the ventral 
valve four pairs of scars extend 
from the beak forward as shown in figure 1 d, pi. ix. 
“ The interior of the dorsal valve is divided midway by a narrow mesial 
ridge that separates two pairs of scars [adductors ?]; the anterior pair small. 
“ Shell-structure calcareous (K. cingulata, K. Wkitfieldi ), or horny ( K . Labra¬ 
dorica, K. sculptilis ).” 
Type, Kutorgina cingulata, Billings. 
Although the foregoing diagnosis furnishes many details of this group of 
shells, it must be admitted that it is still insufficient to establish a satisfactory 
comprehension of the generic characters or taxonomic position of Kutorgina. 
Specimens of K. cingulata, from Swanton, Vermont, K. Latourensis, from Port¬ 
land, N. B , and K. Prospedensis, from Lone Mountain, Nevada, which have been 
at our disposal, fail to add any features of importance. 
In this genus we meet shells often of considerable size when compared with 
the associated brachiopods in primordial faunas, having in the type-species at 
least, a high, incurved pedicle-valve with the form of an Amboccelta, and a 
subapical slope (“false cardinal area”), which, according to Walcott,* is 
“ without the trace of an opening,” although this feature does not agree with 
the diagnosis above given, nor with the characters of the subapical area in other 
species referred to the genus, where the open fissure appears to begin at the 
apex and widen downwards, having very much the character seen in the genus 
Orthis. The opposite valve, with its highly elevated marginal apex and very 
slightly developed area, can come into contact with the pedicle-valve only at 
* Bulletin No. 30, U. S. Geological Survey, p. 103. 
Kutorgina cingulata. 
Alter Walcott. 
Figs. 47, 48. Brachial and profile views. 
Figs. 49. Interior of a brachial valve. 
