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PALAEONTOLOGY OF NEW YORK. 
ensis, Whitfield, Streptorhynchus cardinalis, Whitfield, Strophomena Hecuba, Billings, 
Streptorhynchus Hallie* S. A. Miller). With the close of the Lower Silurian 
in America, it seems to have abruptly disappeared, though in Europe the 
species S. antiquata is abundant in the Wenlock in England, Scotland and the 
Isle of Gotland. In the Niagara and Devonian faunas its place is taken by 
the genus Orthothetes, with which its affinites are very close. 
SUMMARY. 
Genus STROPHOMENES or STROPHOMENA. 
1820. Rafinesque proposed the name Strophomenes without giving either a diagnosis or the 
citation of any species under the genus. 
1824. Defrance, Tableau des Corps Organises Fossiles, p. 6, used the generic term Stro¬ 
phomenes, citing Rafinesque as the author. 
1825. De Blainville, “ Manuel de Malacologie et Conchyliologie,” vol. i, p. 513, .pi. liii, 
figs. 2, 2a, uses the name Strophomena, citing the name of the genus as one pro¬ 
posed by Rafinesque, and also cites Strophomena rugosa, illustrating the species 
and giving Rafinesque as the author. 
1827. Defrance, “ Dictionnaire des Sciences Naturelles,” vol. li, p. 151, and “Atlas,” re¬ 
produced the figures of de Blainville, under the name Strophomenes rugosa, 
Rafinesque. 
1831. Rafinesque defines the genus Strophomenes (October, 1831), referring to a former 
publication of 1820; and in November of the same year describes two species 
under the names Str. levigata, and Str. flexilis. 
1850. Professor King recognized the figures of Strophomena rugosa above referred to, as 
identical with Strophomena (Leptcena) planumbona, Hall, published in 1847. 
This identification has been generally accepted, and the figures of de Blainville, 
and of the Dictionnaire des Sciences, are recognized as a fair representation of 
the species. 
* “The specific name is given as a compliment to Miss Hallie Cotton, who was the first lady to join 
the Cincinnati Society of Natural History.”— Miller, Cincinnati Quarterly Journal of Science, p. 148. 1574. 
