290 
PALEONTOLOGY OF NEW YORK. 
Genus STROPHONELL A, Hall. 1879. 
PLATE XII, PIGS. 1-21; and PLATE XV B, PIG. 10. 
1828. Leptcena, Dalman. Kongl. Vetenskaps-Akadem. Handlingar, p. 108, pi. i, fig. 3. 
1837. Leptcena, Hisinger. Lethsea Suecica, p. 69, pi. xx, fig. 4, 
1838. Leptcena, Conrad. Second Ann. Kept. Palaeontological Dept. N. Y., pp. 112, 117. 
1839. Leptcena, Sowerby. Murchison’s Silurian System, p. 622, pi. xii, fig. 1. 
1840. Orthis, von Buch. Mem. Soc. Geol. de France, vol. iv, p. 222, pi. xii, fig. 26. 
1842. Strophomena, Vanuxem. Geology of N. Y.; Rept. Third District, p. 122, fig. 5. 
1843. Strophomena, Hall. Geology of N. Y.; Rept. Fourth District, p. 104, fig. 3. 
1846. Orthis, McCoy. Synopsis Silurian Fossils Ireland, p. 30, pi. iii, fig. 11. 
1847. Leptcena, Davidson. London Geological Journal, vol. i, pp. 56, 57, pi. xii, figs. 1-8. 
1852. Leptcena, Hall. Palaeontology of N. Y., vol. ii, p. 259, pi. liii, fig. 7. 
1852. Leptcena ( Strophomena), McCoy. British Palaeozoic Fossils, pp. 243, 244. 
1857. Strophomena (Strophodonta), Hall. Tenth Rept. N. Y. State Cab. Nat. Hist., pp. 49-51, 53, 111, 
figs. 1, 2. 
1858. Strophodonta, Hall. Geological Survey of Iowa, vol. i, pt. 2, p. 494, pi. iii, fig. 4. 
1858. Strophomena, Schmidt. Silur. Format. Estland, Nord-Livl. und Oesel, p. 215. 
1859. Strophodonta, Hall. Palaeontology of N. Y., vol. iii, p. 185-190, 193, 194?, 483, pis. xvi, figs. 13, 
14 (?); xviii, fig. 3; xx, figs. 1-3; xxi, figs. 1-9 ; xxiii, figs. 1-7. 
1860. Strophomena, F. Roemer. Sil. Fauna westl. Tennessee, p. 66, pi. v, fig. 3. 
1861. Strophomena, Billings. Canadian Journal, vol. vi, p 345, figs. 119, 120. 
1863. Strophomena, Billings. Proceedings Portland Soc. Nat. Hist., p. 108, pi. iii, fig. 2. 
1863. Strophomena, Billings. Geology of Canada, p. 367, figs. '376, 378. 
1865. Strophodonta, Meek. American Journal of Science, vol. xl, p. 33. 
1867. Strophodonta, Hall. Palaeontology of N. Y., vol. iv, pp. 93, 112, pi. xiv, figs. 1 a-i; pi. xix, 
figs. 6, 7. 
1868. Strophomena (Strophodonta), Meek and Worthkn. Geol. Illinois, vol. iii, p. 374, pi. vii, fig. 10. 
1871. Strophomena, Kayser. Zeitschr. der deutsch. geolog. Gesellsch., vol. xxiii, p. 62S, pi. xiv, fig. 3. 
1871. Strophomena, Davidson. British Silurian Brachiopoda, p. 288, pi. xl, figs. 1-5; p. 290, pi. xl, 
figs. 9-13. 
1874. Strophomena, Billings. Palaeozoic Fossils, vol. ii, p. 31, pi. iii, fig. 2. 
1879. Strophonella, Strophodonta, Hall. Twenty-eighth Rept. N. Y. State Mus. Nat. Hist., pp. 152, 
154, pi. xxii, figs. 1-3 ; pi. xxiii, figs. 1-8. 
1879. Strophomena, Barrande. Systeme Silurien du Centre de la Boheme, vol. v, pi. xxxix, figs. 1-8. 
1882. Strophonella, Strophodonta, Hall. Eleventh Rept. State Geologist Indiana, pp. 290, 292, pi. xxii, 
figs. 1-3 ; pi. xxiii, figs. 1-8. 
1883. Strophonella, Hall. Rept. N. Y. State Geologist for 1882, pi. xii (43). 
1884. Strophodonta, Walcott. Palaeontology Eureka Dist., p. 121, pi. xiii, fig. 10. 
1889. Strophonella, Beecher and Clarke. Mem. N.Y. S # tate Mus., vol. i, No. 1, p. 25, pi. iii, figs. 1-8. 
1889. Strophodonta, Nettelroth. Kentucky Fossil Shells, p. 149. 
Diagnosis. “ Shells semicircular or semielliptical, concavo-convex, resupi- 
nate, the ventral valve concave and the dorsal valve convex. Ventral area 
striated, solid, with or without a central deltidial scar, or rarely a partial 
foramen, with similar features on the narrow area of the dorsal valve; inner 
margins of the cardinal areas of each valve crenulate, and from beneath the cen¬ 
ter of the ventral area there is often a strong process (frequently bilobed) which 
extends beyond the cardinal line. Muscular area of the ventral valve strongly 
