314 
PALEONTOLOGY OF NEW YORK. 
Genus STEOPHALOSIA, King. 1844. 
PLATE XVii, FIGS. 24-37; PLATE XVI, FIGS. 12,16,30,38,42; PLATE XVII, FIGS. 10-15,50,51; AND PLATE XVIIa, 
FIGS. 1-9. 
1889. Spondylus, Munster. Beitr. zur Petrefactenkunde, Heft, i, p. 48, pi. iv, fig-. 3. 
1842. Orthis, Geinitz. Neues Jahrbuch fur Min., etc., p. 578, pi x, figs. 12, 13. 
1843. Strophomena, Hall. Geology of N. Y.; Rept. Fourth District, p. 189, fig. 4. 
1844. Strophalosia, King. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, vol. xiv, p. 313. 
1845. Leptcenalosia, King (MS.). In de Verneuil’s Geol. de la Russ., etc., vol. ii, p. 281. 
1846. Strophalosia, King. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, vol. xvii, p. 92. 
1847. Ch'thothrix, Geinitz. Bull. Imp. Soc. des Nat. de Moscou, vol. xx, p. 84. 
1847. Productus, de Koninck. Monographic des genres Productus et Chonetes, pp. 148, 150, pi. xi, 
fig. 4; pi. xv, figs. 4, 5. 
1848. Orthothrix, Geinitz. Verstein. der deutsch. Zechst.-gebirg., p. 14, pi. v, figs. 27-37; pi. vi, fig. 20. 
1850. Strophalosia, King. Monogr. Permian Fossils of England, p. 93, pi. xii, figs. 1-33. 
1853. Strophalosia, Davidson. Introd. British Fossil Brachiopoda, p. 115. 
1855. Leptcena, McCoy. British Palaeozoic Fossils, p. 457. 
1857. Strophalosia, Davidson. British Permian Fossils, p. 38, pi. iii, figs. 1-10, 19-41. 
1857. Productella, Hall. Tenth Rept. N. Y. State Cab. Nat. Hist., p. 171. 
1861. Strophalosia, Geinitz. Dyas, p. 93, pis. xvii, figs. 1-19, 21-39; xviii, figs. 1-20 ; xix, figs. 2-6, 25. 
1863. Strophalosia, A. Winchell. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., vol. 15, p. 4. 
1866. Crania, A. Winchell. Rept. Lower Peninsula of Michigan, p. 92. 
1867. Chonetes, Hall. Palaeontology of N. Y., vol. iv, p. 143, pi. xxii, figs. 29-43. 
1867. Productella, Hall. Palaeontology of N. Y., vol. iv, p. 160, pi. xxiii, figs. 12-24. 
1868. Aulosteges, White and St. John. Trans. Chicago Acad. Sci., vol. i, p. 118, fig. 2. 
1874. Strophalosia, Derby. Bull. Cornell University, vol. i, No. 2, p. 45, pis. iii, iv, viii, ix. 
1883. Chonetes ( Productella, Strophalosia), Hall. Ann. Rept. N. Y. State Geologist for 1882, pi. xvi 
(47), figs. 12,16, pi. xvii (48), figs. 10-15, 50, 51. 
1884. Productus (Productella), Walcott. Palaeontology Eureka District, p. 131, pi. xiv, fig. 2. 
1884. Strophalosia, Waagen. Salt-Range Fossils ; Brachiopoda, pp. 640-657, pi. Ixiii, figs. 2-8; pi. Ixiv, 
figs. 1-9; pi. lxv, figs. 1-9. 
1889. Productella ( Strophalosia), Whiteaves. Contributions Can. Geol., vol. i, p. 112, pi. xvi, figs. 1, 2. 
Diagnosis. Shells productoid in general form; a cicatrix, usually apparent 
on the umbo of the pedicle-valve, indicates that they were attached to foreign 
bodies by the substance of the shell. Both valves have a well defined area 
and covered delthyrium, these features being much the more conspicuous in 
the pedicle-valve. In this valve the teeth are prominent, but not supported by 
lamellae; the muscular arrangement is the same as in Productus, though the 
cardinal impressions are relatively larger and more elongate, extending beyond 
the limits of the central adductors. 
In the brachial valve the cardinal process is erect, bifid on its anterior, and 
quadrifid in its posterior face. It is supported on each side by short, arched 
crural plates, and is continued into a median septum which extends for half 
