Mecklenburg or Baltic Moraines. — UpJiam. 43 
but especially to the east and south in an irregular sheet for 
several miles. Probably the greatest extent is not more than 
five miles from the cones, though the abrupt face as seen from 
the river is probably six miles long. The inclination of the 
flow is slight, not over two or three degrees, and at the ex- 
posed margins the thickness is often less than ten feet, though 
at points nearer the cones the thickness is somewhat greater. 
It is a matter of some surprise that so thin a flow should have 
proven so long fluid as is implied by the great extent of nearly 
level country covered. In some places the river has exposed 
a nearly perpendicular blufif over fifty feet high capped by this 
flow, and with the sides and base protected by the angular 
blocks. Along the southern face, on the other hand, the 
flight erosion of arroyos has served to expose the underlying 
strata of sand and gravel without having displaced much of 
the lava, as is proven by the relatively limited talus and the 
uncovered strata of adjoining hills. These strata dififer from 
the recent fluviatile deposits in appearance and contents. The 
upper portion is but slightly indurated and the pebbles in- 
cluded in it are largely quartzyte, chert and lime. The beds 
are horizontal but differ from those nearer the river which 
contain materials like those which are derived from the gran- 
ites and gneisses of the Sandias to the east. Fragments of 
silicified wood occur in the beds covered by the lava. They 
may, therefore, be of Cretaceous age, though it will be an in- 
teresting problem to determine whether the flow at other 
points did not run over the river gravels. 
[European and American Glacial Geology Compared, VI.] 
THE MECKLENBURG OR BALTIC MORAINES. 
By Wakeen Upham, St. Paul, Minn. 
Ridged and hilly marginal drift accumulations, extending 
in a curved and looped course, form the most conspicuous 
topographic features of Denmark and northern Germany. 
The belt which bears these drift hills, partly in a single series, 
but in other parts comprising several approximately parallel 
or interlocking series, was traced along its entire extent 
through Germany by Prof. R. D. Salisbury in 1887, who first 
