66 The American Geologist. August, i898 
The dimensions of these fossils are as follows: Girth, or 
circumference, of the largest end at or near the base where it 
joined the frontal bone, ijY?, inches^442 millimetres; the 
greatest diameter being 6 inches=i52 milimetres in one direc- 
tion, and 5^ inches=^i40 millimetres in the other; the section 
being somewhat elliptical. The length of the portion restored 
is 17 inches=432 millimetres. The tip of this horn-core is 
complete, but some fragments needed to make a connection 
with the larger part are missing, consequently the exact orig- 
inal length of the core cannot be stated, but it probably was 
23 to 24 inches=65o millimetres long when complete. The 
circumference of the horn-core at a point 8^ inches from the 
base is 13I inches=346 millimetres; and 13 inches=330 mill- 
imetres at 12 inches from the base. 
The curvature is slight, and in one plane only. In this 
respect and in the form and proportion these horp-cores do 
not resemble the horn-cores of our American bison, B.ameri- 
canus, nor do they, resemble the horn-cores of the Asiatic 
bison, a skull of which is in the museum at Tucson. Com- 
pared with the familiar forms of horn-cores of our domestic 
cattle these fossil cores in all respects, except size, more near- 
ly approximate the form and proportions of the horn-cores of 
the Hereford breed than any other. They are not like the 
short horns of the Durham or the long more slender and 
curved horns of the Holsteins. The form of the cores also 
suggests that they projected outwards, downwards and for- 
ward as in the Herefords rather than upwards and forwards. 
While cognizant of the insufficiency of evidence presented 
by horn-cores alone for the foundation of a species it is cer- 
tain that in these fossil bones of the ancient gold gravels we 
have evidence of the former existence at a remote period rela- 
tively to human occupation of an undescribed giant boviform 
animal for which for convenience of reference, at the least, I 
propose the name Bos arizonica. 
Fossil horn-cores comparable in size with these of Arizona, 
but not certainly of the same species have been found in 
Texas, in Nebraska and other localities in the United States. 
So, also, in Europe where similar remains are more abund- 
ant, at least more have been found, and have been described 
as Bos primigenius. 
