Raised Shore li?ies at Trondhjem. — Upham. 151 
cipitous cliffs of bare rock from 25 to 75 feet high, their some- 
what indefinite bases being approximately 525 feet above the 
fjord; but between the sea-cliffs slightly indented parts of the 
old shore, comprising together more than half of the same 
mile of distance, are not distinguished from the general 
wooded slope. Against this shore the waves raised by north- 
east winds, blowing unimpeded for nearly thirty miles down 
the fjord, doubtless bore much floe ice and the fragments of 
bergs discharged from the receding ice-front in water which 
then was 600 to 2,000 feet deep. Other parts of the shores of 
the Trondhjem fjord and its branches, both west and east of 
the city, seen along an aggregate extent of more than fifty 
miles, rarely exhibit this ancient shoreline conspicuously; and 
indeed it is not recognizable in any general view, but would 
require a survey with levelling for its accurate location, along 
nearly all its course. 
It is well displayed, however, on the fjordward sides of 
two small hills, named Blybjerget and Sverresborg, which 
stand respectively close west and east of the road that ascends 
southwesterly from Ihlen, the western suburb of Trondhjem, 
at the distance of three-fourths of a mile from Ihlen and the 
present fjord shore. A nearly vertical rock cliff, about fiftv 
feet high, bounds the north and west sides of the flat-topped 
Sverresborg, which is so called from its having been, the site 
of a castle of King vSverre, 700 years ago. At the foot of the 
cliff a grassed terrace, partly encumbered by fallen rock 
masses, has a width of fifty to sixty feet along its extent of an 
eighth of a mile; and from its verge a talus descends some fiftv 
feet to the margin of a cultivated field. On the opposite hill, 
Blybjerget, at the same level of about 525 feet, a gravellv and 
sandy terrace, mostly three or four rods wide, but in |)art, 
where it is built out northeastward by converging currents, 
ten to fifteen rods wide, reaches nearly a quarter of a mile. 
The higher hilltop' is wooded; the old shore terrace is a narrow 
grassy pasture; and the slope below is mowing land. 
Maps of Trondhjem and its vicinity usually show the rock- 
cut shore west of the city, designating it as a "strandline," and 
representing its sea-cliff and terrace as continuous, instead of 
which they are interrupted by longer parts of the old shore 
which are not distinctly eroded. The amount of wave work at 
