152 The American Geologist. September, i898 
the 525 feet level, however, appears to surpass that of any 
single one of the thirty successive shores of the glacial lake 
Agassiz. It was therefore my expectation, suggested by Mil- 
ler's paper, that clearly marked beaches, similar to those of 
lake Agassiz and of the glacial lakes in the basins of the pres- 
ent great lakes tributary to the St. Lawrence, or like those of 
Glen Roy, would be found wherever drift-covered slopes de- 
scend from the level of the rock strandline. Such slopes, well 
adapted for the formation of shorelines, whether by erosion 
or by the accumulation of beach ridges of gravel and sand, 
were examined upon large areas near Trondhjem, also west 
and south of the adjoining hilly tract which culminates in 
Graakallen (1,840 feet, about four miles west of the city), and 
on the south side of the fjord along the route of the railway 
passing eastward. But well defined shorelines were observed 
in only a few places, and then only for short distances, chiefly 
where inflowing streams brought small delta deposits, or 
where some exceptionally favorable outline of the shore in its 
relation to the waves and currents permitted a short beach 
ridge or terrace to be formed. 
Stages of pause in the emergence of the land are only very 
indistinctly and doubtfully shown by these deltas and beaches; 
and the correlation of their fragmentary development, so as to 
trace any shore continuously even on the most favorable drift 
slopes, is possible only by levelling across many tracts un- 
marked by shore erosion or deposition. In contrast with the 
usual continuity and clearness of the lake Agassiz and Glen 
Roy shores, my observations suggest that the time occupied 
in the re-elevation of the region of Trondhjem from its Cham- 
plain subsidence was probably more brief than the duration 
of these glacial lakes in North America and Scotland. The 
Recent period, as indicated by the present shorelines appears 
to have greatly exceeded the short time of continuance of the 
Champlain depression of this part of Norway after its ice bur- 
den was melted away. 
In southern Sweden a most instructive series of Glacial 
and Postglacial epeirogenic movements has been ascertained 
