Faunal Provinces of America. — Schuchert. 141 
Lebedew's extensive tables show that in the Middle and 
Upper Devonic faunas of the Urals there are no Acervularia, 
Endophylliun, Mesophyllum, Spongophyllum or Diphyphyl- 
lum and but one Phillipsastraea, which occurs in the basal Mid- 
dle Devonic. In this respect these Ural faunas have the char- 
acteristics of the Central Russian type, and it is strange that 
Lebedew does not call attention to this decided affinity. 
Mugadzhar Mts. — These mountains are directly south of 
tbe Urals and terminate towards the Aral sea. But ten species 
are known here. In the upper Middle Devonic occur Alveo- 
lites 1, Cyathophyllum 2, Acervularia 2, Phillipsastraea 3. The 
author remarks that the faunal aspect is rather that of the Altai 
and West Siberia than that of the Urals. 
Turkestan. — The corals of this area are too few in num- 
ber and are otherwise not sufficiently significant to indicate 
faunal relationship with the other areas. 
Altai and West Siberia. — Here are known sixty-six spec- 
ies. Of these "twenty-five are common to the Urals, eight are 
identical with or very closely related to American species, while 
the greater part of the remainder, with the exception of local 
forms, recur in West Europe. In general, the corals of the 
Altai and West Siberia resemble those of the Urals (and the 
Mugadzhar Mts.) with respect to (1) relationship, (2) the 
preponderance of West European forms, and (3) the notice- 
able recurrence of American species. In connection with this 
it is to be noted that here, as there, the American species are 
found in the same homotaxial horizons : they concentrate them- 
selves in the main in the adjoining horizons of the Lower and 
Middle Devonian, while the lower zone of the Middle and the 
entire Upper Devonian are free of them." (p. 172.) The ab- 
sence of American species in these formations he thinks is 
probably due to differing geological horizons in the two areas. 
Decidedly characteristic for the Urals (including the Mu- 
gadzhar Mts.), Petchora-land, and the Altai (with West Si- 
beria), appear to be certain corals that occur only in these re- 
gions. Such are Alveolites goldfussi Billings. Heliolites por- 
osus Goldfuss, Cyatkophylluni hypocrateriforme Goldfuss, 
Acervularia pentagona Goldfuss. Phillipsastraea bowerbanki 
Goldfuss, P. annas Goldfuss, Cystiphyllutn vcsiculosum Gold- 
fuss. Phillipsastraea and Acervularia are characteristic of the 
