Fauna! Provinces of America. — Schuchcrt. 143 
Ural-Altai type. — The Middle Devonic coral fauna of this 
subprovince in its western and eastern limits is marked by an 
abundance of Favositidae, Cyathophyllidae and Syringopor- 
idae. To these in the west (Urals) are added sparingly Al- 
veolites, Heliolitcs and Calceola sandalina and an abundance 
of Cystiphyllum. In the southwest (Mugadzhar Mts.) are 
known only Acervularia, Phillipsastraea, Alveolites and Cy- 
athophylluni. In the eastern region, besides the three families 
mentioned for the western area, there also occur in abundance 
Mesophyllum, Spongophyllum, Phillipsastraea and more rare- 
ly Acervularia, Cystiphyllum, Calceola sandalina, Heliolitcs 
porosus, etc. This area contrasts strongly with that of the 
western area. Another feature of the Ural region is the oc- 
currence of American species, as Favosites placenta, F. nitel- 
lus, Eiunionsia hemispherica, Syringopora pcrelegans, S. 110- 
bilis and 5. tabulata. 
An examination restricted to the corals of the Middle De- 
vonic of the Ural Altai region seemingly decides that the Ural 
faunas have the Central Russian type. In all of these there is 
an abundance of Acervularia, Phillip sastraep. and Endophyl- 
luiu, while these genera .are prominent in the other areas, as 
the Mugadzhar Mts., Altai Mts. and West Siberia. 
The Faunal Provinces of the American 
Middle Devonic* 
In the Middle Devonic of North America there are prob- 
ably more than 600 described species of corals, t and of these 
the writer has found that 106 occur in two or more widely 
separated places. These are listed in the appended table and 
their distribution noted in eleven columns. 
The table shows clearly that the corals of the various On- 
ondaga localities belong to one province. Of the 53 widely 
dispersed species of Mackinac, 39 are also found in New York 
or Port Colborne and 49 at Louisville. Together these local- 
ities have 67 species and of these but 6 occur in Iowa or Wis- 
consin. Five of the 6 species are cosmopolitan forms and 
are common to both the Onondaga and Hamilton formations. 
* This paper is a continuation of "Seas and barriers in eastern North 
America." The broad problems involved in these researches the writer con- 
tinues to discuss with Mr. Ulrich and desires to thank him for the great a ;<j 
rendered. 
t Louisville, Kentucky is said to have 4-38 species. Time will doubtless 
show that many synonyms exist. 
