Faunal Provinces of America. — Schuchert. 153 
to assume that the Indiana basin was deepest in its western 
area and was in communication with Brazil during the latter 
part of the Onondaga, all of Hamilton, and part of Genesee 
time. This opening did not exist during Oriskanian and Hel- 
derbergian time as the deposits of this age do not go north of 
Jackson county, Illinois. The Camden Oriskany fauna also 
occurs in the Armuchee chert about Rome, Georgia, and in the 
Frog mountain sandstone of Cherokee county of northern 
Alabama.* 
At different times Whiteavest has identified Middle De- 
vonic species, apparently of the Mississippian type, collected 
by Bell in the country immediately west and south of Hudson 
and James Bays. These faunal lists led Wellerx to write, 
"From the geographic distribution of the Corniferous fauna, 
it may be suggested that the province in which it originated 
was situated somewhere in the Arctic regions, and that repre- 
sentatives of it migrated southward both into Xorth America 
and into Europe." The writer finds a series of opposing 
facts of so great importance that be believes that Weller's sug- 
gestion cannot be accepted as a working hypothesis. These 
facts are (1) the character of the Hudson's Bay fauna, (2) 
the distribution of the Devonic north of the United States, 
and the dispostion of the pre-Cambrian areas ■ in Canada and 
the Arctic Archipellago. These facts will now be set forth. 
(1) The Hudson's Bay Middle Devonic fauna as listed by 
Whiteaves shows unmistakably that their age is about that of 
the Corniferous Onondaga, and that the faunal facies is more 
that of the Mississippian type than any other known in Amer- 
ica. The U. S. National Museum has had since 1864 a repre- 
sentative collection of the Hudson's Bay Devonic collected by 
J. McKenzie near Moose Factory which is at the mouth of 
Moose river flowing into James Bay. These fossils show that 
the horizon and facies is not that of the Stringocephalus zone 
of western and northwestern Canada. Further, that the fauna 
is not strictly that of the Mississippian type and this fact will 
become more prominent when all the Hudson's Bay material 
•Hayes, Rome Folio, U. S. Geol. Stir. The writer has recently collected 
these faunas through the assistance of the U. S. Geological Survey. 
t Geol. Sarv. Canada, Rep. Progress for 1875-6. p. 320; Ibid, for 1S77-8, 
pp. 5-6; Ibid, for 1878-9, p. 51C; Ihid. for 1879-80, p. 33 A; and Amer. Assoc. 
Adv. Sci., 1*99, pp, 22-23. 
tjour. Geol., x, 1902, p. +29. 
