262 The American Geologist. October, 1903. 
The formations .exposed in the vicinity of Columbus were studied 
first and later those which occur at a distance from the city. The Cin- 
cinnati anticline gives the rocks of western and central Ohio an eastern 
dip and therefore older formations occur to the west of Columbus and 
later ones to the eastward. The following are some of the more in- 
teresting localities studied together with lists of the formations shown : 
South of Yellow Springs at Goe's Station the upper shales of the Rich- 
mond, mottled clays of the Saluda, Belfast bed, and Clinton limestone 
are well shown in a small ravine near the former residence of Mr. Goe. 
At Yellow Springs the top of the Clinton limestone is found in the creek 
of that name, while the bank of Cascade Glen affords an interesting 
exposure of the Osgood or Niagara shale and further up the run at the 
Cascade are the West Union, Springfield, and Cedarville limestones of 
the Niagara series. The best exposures of the last two mentioned form- 
ations, however, are to be found in the gorge of the Little Miami river 
below Clifton, one of the most picturesque localities in southwestern 
Ohio. The Springfield limestone weathers more rapidly than the Cedar- 
ville so that at the contact of the two limestones the latter projects and 
forms overhanging cliffs. Large blocks fall from these cliffs, one of 
which lying on edge in the Little Miami river is about 100 feet long, 30 
feet high, and 20 feet thick and is known as Steamboat Rock. 
Columbus is located on the Ohio shales while a few miles west of the 
city are extensive quarries in the Devonian limestones. There are num- 
erous outcrops of this limestone, winch is divided into Columbus and 
Sandusky formations. The overlying Olentangy shale is finely shown 
on the banks of that river and its tributaries to the northwest of Colum- 
bus. About ten miles northeast of the city on Rocky Fork is found 
the top of the Ohio .shales, succeeding which are the Bedford shales, 
Berea sandstone, and Sunbury shale of the Waverly series. The same 
formations together with the lower part of the Cuyahoga were also 
studied in the glens near Lithopolis southeast of Columbus where this 
portion of the Waverly may be seen to excellent advantage. At New- 
ark the upper part of the Cuyahoga is found and the steep cliff and hill 
expose satisfactorily the succeeding Black Hand and Logan formations, 
the Sharon conglomerate and as high in the Pottsville formation as the 
Lower Mercer limestone. This trip affords an excellent opportunity for 
collecting the fauna of the upper Waverly and the Lower ALrcer lime- 
stone. 
Zanesville, sixty miles east of Columbus, was the easternmost local- 
ity studied, but a stop was made at White Cottage, nine miles south of 
the former city, where the Maxville limestone is finely exposed on Jon- 
athan creek. To the west of Zanesville is a steep cliff called Putnam 
Hill, and from the bed of the Muskingum river to its top as followed 
southward are admirably shown all the rocks from the Lower Mercer 
limestone through the remaining part of the Pottsville formation all 
'of the Allegheny or Lower Productive Coal-measures, into the Free- 
port sandstone of the Conemaugh formation. At the southern end of 
the hill in Emery's quarry is the following section : 28 feet of massive 
