Pre-Kansan and Iowqn Deposits. — fuller. 31 l 
writer in the work, discovered and traced out by means of 
some thousands of samples from well borings a definite clay bed 
(salt marsh or submarine deposit) 100 feet or more in thick- 
ness which underlies the Manhasset and is in turn underlain by 
glacial gravels of an invasion intermediate between the Man- 
hasset and Pensauken. The same beds were afterwards recog- 
nized in the strongly folded series on the shores of Gardiners 
island and at a number of points in the western portion of Long 
Island. The gravel bed, designated as the Jameco, is regarded 
by Mr. Veatch as Kansan, while the clay has been correlated 
with the Sankaty of Nantucket and referred to the Yarmouth 
stage. The folding is regarded as due to the Illinoian ice sheet 
These discoveries, which perhaps were the most important geo- 
logical results of the work, afford the connecting links which 
complete a glacial series agreeing in number, intervals, se- 
quence, and weathering with the glacial succession established 
in the Mississippi valley, and corroborates the provisional cor- 
relation of the other gravels by the writer. 
REFERENCES. 
1 F. J. H. Merrill. Geology of Long Island. N. Y. Acad. Sci., An- 
nals, vol. 3, pp. 341-364 (P- 343)- 
2 Arthur Hollick. Notes on the northward extension of the Yel- 
low Gravel in New Jersey, Staten Island, Long Island and eastward. 
Am. Assoc. Adv. Sci., Proc, vol. 42, pp. 175-176. Also: Some further 
notes on the geology of the north shore of Long Island, N. Y. Acad. 
Sci., Trans., vol. 13, pp. 132-130. 
3 W. O. Crosby. Outline of the Geology of Long Island in its relat- 
tions to the public water supply. Tech. Quart., vol. 13,, 100-119. 
4 J. B. Woodworth. Pleistocene geology of portions of Nassau coun- 
ty and Borough of Queens. N. Y. State Mus., Bull. 48, pp. 61 3 670. 
5 W. J. McGee. Three formations of the Middle Atlantic slope: 
The Columbia formation. Am. Jour. Sci. 3rd Ser., vol. 35. ftp. 367- 
388, 448-466. 
C M. R. Campbell. U. S. Geol. Surv., Masontown-Uniontown Folio 
No. 82. 
7 loc. cit. 9 loc. cit. ll loc. fit. 
*loc. cit. '"Inc. cit. '-loc. cit. Map. 
"Unconformities of Martha's Vineyard and of Block Island. Bull. 
Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 8, pp. 197-212. Glacial brick clays of Rhode Is- 
land and Southeastern Massachusetts : Geology and Geography of the 
clays. U. S. Geol. Surv., 17th Ann. Rept., 1, 975-988 (table p. 988). 
"Ibid. 
